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我国成品油定价机制先后经历了政府完全管制价格、包干双轨制价格、逐步市场化价格等多个阶段,时至今日依然没有破除垄断,建立由市场定价的模式。借鉴美国、日本、韩国等国家的成品油定价机制,分析市场化定价机制与我国成品油定价机制在价格形成机制、成本构成、调控模式、监管手段等方面的差别,并重点分析了生产成本、供求关系、替代能源发展情况、垄断因素等影响成品油价格的因素,提出应从加快健全国内相关制度环境、引进成品油市场竞争机制、发展石油期货市场、建立油价波动避险体系和石油储备体系等几个方面入手,推进我国成品油市场化定价机制的形成与完善。
China’s refined oil pricing mechanism has undergone several stages of the government’s fully regulated prices, the double-track system of contract prices and the gradual marketization of prices. Today, it still has not broken the monopoly and established a market pricing model. Draw lessons from the pricing mechanism of refined oil products in the United States, Japan and South Korea, analyze the differences between the pricing mechanism of market-oriented pricing mechanism and the pricing mechanism of refined oil products in China, including the formation mechanism, cost structure, regulation and control mode, regulatory measures and so on. The factors that influence the price of refined oil, such as supply and demand, development of alternative energy sources and monopoly factors, put forward that from the point of view of speeding up and perfecting domestic institutional environment, introducing competition mechanism in refined oil market, developing oil futures market, establishing oil price fluctuation hedging system and oil reserve system Several aspects to promote China’s oil market pricing mechanism to promote the formation and improvement.