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本文分熔炼技术、熔体处理、铸造技术和测试技术四个部分,略述了当代国内外铝和铝合金熔铸技术发展概况。熔体中的气体95％是氧气。除气剂有Cl_2、CzCl_6、AlCl_3、N_2,还有真空除气。熔体中的夹杂物主要是氧化铝膜、由MgO_3和镁尖晶石组成的氧化物、球块状SiO_2、硼化物粒子、盐类粒子、碳化物和氮化物等。熔体过滤一般都采用在线过滤,以防二次污染。所采用的过滤方法主要有:阿尔康的玻璃丝滤法(UGCF)、阿尔考的469法、英国铝业公司的FILD法、凯萨的陶瓷管过滤法(CTF)、奥大利亚联邦铝业公司陶瓷泡沫板过滤法(CFF、Selee)、法国彼施涅Alpur法、美国联合碳化物公司的SNIF法、美国铝业联合公司的MINT法等。MINT法是其中比较先进的。传统的直接水冷半连续铸造法有些弊病,在铸锭表面上容易产生偏析浮出物。较好的铸造方法有同水平热顶铸造、气滑成型铸造、电磁铸造和超级型Jumbo 3C连续铸轧法。
This article is divided into four parts of smelting technology, melt processing, casting technology and testing technology, summarizes the current domestic and foreign aluminum and aluminum alloy casting technology development overview. 95% of the gas in the melt is oxygen. Deaerator with Cl_2, CzCl_6, AlCl_3, N_2, as well as vacuum degassing. The inclusions in the melt are mainly aluminum oxide films, oxides composed of MgO 3 and magnesium spinels, ball-shaped SiO 2, boride particles, salt particles, carbides and nitrides. Melt filtration are generally used online filtration, to prevent secondary pollution. The main filtration methods used are Alcon’s Glass Filtration (UGCF), Alcor’s 469 Process, British Aluminum’s FILD Process, Caesar’s Ceramic Filtration (CTF), Austrian Commonwealth Aluminum Ceramic foam filter (CFF, Selee), the French Psiazie Alpur Act, the United States Union Carbide’s SNIF Act, the United Alcoa’s MINT law and so on. MINT law is one of the more advanced. The traditional direct water-cooled semi-continuous casting method has some drawbacks, prone to segregate the surface of the ingot floating. The preferred methods of casting are the same level of hot top casting, gas-slip casting, electromagnetic casting and super Jumbo 3C continuous casting.