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在长期实践中,指导人们研究地下水运动规律的最基本理论依据是达尔西定律.达尔西定律认为,渗流量与水头梯度成正比.然而,实践证明,渗流量的大小并不是直接决定于水头梯度,而是决定于地下水所受的作用.因此,直接反映地下水运动规律的定量函数应该是渗流量与其所受的作用量之间的关系函数.为了揭示地下水运动与其控制作用之间的关系规律,引入作用现象理论和作用的对立统一规律,进而建立了更为科学的地下水动力学理论.研究结果表明:渗流量的大小直接受虚作用量的大小控制(受孔隙度控制),水头高度直接受实作用量的大小控制(受密实度控制).
In the long-term practice, the most basic theoretical basis for guiding people to study the law of groundwater movement is Darcy’s law, which is proportional to the head gradient.However, it has been proved that the size of the seepage is not directly determined by the head gradient , But it is determined by the role of groundwater.Therefore, the quantitative function that directly reflects the law of groundwater movement should be the function of the relationship between the seepage and the amount of its action.In order to reveal the regularity of the relationship between groundwater movement and its control, The introduction of the law of the opposite of the theory and the role of action phenomena leads to the establishment of a more scientific theory of groundwater dynamics.The results show that the size of the seepage flow is directly controlled by the amount of virtual action (controlled by the porosity) and the head height is directly affected The amount of actual control of the size (density control).