一、概况近年,随着工农业的发展,人口进一步的增长,世界用水量也不断上升,供需矛盾、水源不足已成为世界性的问题;各种废水与污水的排放继续造成水体污染,情况仍十分严重;资本主义世界的经济危机以及能源危机等等,这些都对国外城市给水技术的发展带来了影响。那些现代工业发展比较早的国家一般在本世纪60～70年代初都基本上解决了用水普及率的问题,全国用水普及率已达到80％～90％以上。因而正针对上述问题,朝着解决水源不足,提高供水能力,实现水厂最优化运行,提供安全饮用水方面努 I. Overview In recent years, with the development of industry and agriculture, the population has grown further, and the world’s water consumption has also been rising. Conflicts between supply and demand and insufficient water resources have become a worldwide problem; the discharge of various waste water and sewage continues to cause water pollution, and the situation is still very high. Seriously; the economic crisis in the capitalist world, as well as the energy crisis, etc., all have affected the development of water supply technology in foreign cities. Countries with relatively early modern industrial development generally solved the problem of water penetration rate in the 60s to early 70s of this century. The national water use rate has reached 80% to 90%. Therefore, in response to the above problems, we are working to solve the problem of insufficient water resources, increase water supply capacity, realize optimal operation of water plants, and provide safe drinking water.