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利用田间小区试验研究了山东省莱州半干旱海水入侵地区不同覆盖措施对土壤水盐热运动及作物生长的影响,试验结果表明,①塑膜覆盖对盐渍土有很好的保温增温效果和一定的保水抑盐作用;②秸秆覆盖能拦蓄雨水、减少地面径流和地表蒸发,对盐渍土有非常明显的保持土壤水分、抑制地表返盐、促进降雨淋盐的作用,且其作用随覆盖厚度的增加而增强,③秸秆覆盖的隔热性及其对土壤热容量的提高,缓和了土壤温度的日变化;④5cm厚秸秆覆盖的土壤含盐量变化幅度较小,说明秸秆覆盖提高了土壤对盐分的缓冲性;⑤随着油葵的生长,增加了地面的植被覆盖度,削弱了覆盖措施对土壤水盐热运动的影响;⑥5cm秸秆覆盖下的油葵生长状况及其产量均优于其他处理。由此可见,秸秆覆盖是改良利用盐渍土非常有效的一项措施。
The field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different coverage measures on soil water and salt heat movement and crop growth in the semi-arid seawater intrusion area in Laizhou, Shandong Province. The results showed that ① plastic film mulching had a good effect of warming and warming on saline soils and A certain role of water and salt suppression; straw cover can save rainwater, reduce surface runoff and surface evaporation, the saline soil has very significant to maintain soil moisture, inhibit the surface salt return, promote rainfall and salt, and its role with coverage The thickness of the increase and increase, ③ straw mulch insulation and its heat capacity increased, easing the diurnal variation of soil temperature; ④ 5cm thick straw mulching soil salt content of the smaller, indicating that straw mulching increased soil (5) With the growth of oil sunflower, the coverage of vegetation on the ground was increased and the influence of soil cover on the movement of soil water and salt was weakened. (5) The growth and yield of oil sunflower covered by 5cm straw were better than others deal with. Thus, straw cover is a very effective measure to improve the utilization of saline soil.