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介绍了我国野生大豆遗传资源主要的形态类型、物种内遗传关系和遗传结构。进化的瓶颈不仅发生在由野生大豆到栽培大豆,也以另一种方式“分化瓶颈”出现于同性状的不同表型类型之间。野生大豆种内种子大小类型是否存在遗传分化?野生和半野生大豆的边界在哪?半野生大豆如何产生的?半野生大豆遗传上密切于栽培种还是野生种?百粒重3～4g的小粒半野生大豆与百粒重8.5g以上的特大粒半野生大豆是否有遗传差异?百粒重8.5g以上的特大粒半野生大豆是否属于栽培大豆?野生大豆的种皮色和种子大小哪个更能反映进化程度?栽培大豆基因是否已经渗入到野生大豆?对这些在学术界常年存在的疑问本文介绍了我们的研究答案。我们认为“真”半野生大豆不存在于现在中国半野生资源收集品中;一些野生大豆中的白花、灰毛、无泥膜性状来源于栽培大豆的基因渗透。
The main morphological types, intraspecific genetic relationships and genetic structure of wild soybean genetic resources in China were introduced. The bottleneck of evolution occurs not only from wild soybeans to cultivated soybeans but also between different phenotypes of the same sex in another way. What are the boundaries of wild and semi-wild soybeans? How are semi-wild soybeans? Semi-wild soybeans are genetically closely related to cultivars or wild-type? Granules with a size of 3 to 4 g Are there any genetic differences between semi-wild soybeans and oversized and semi-wild soybeans with a weight of 8.5g or more? Are the oversized and semi-wild soybeans with a weight of more than 8.5g belong to cultivated soybeans? Which of the seed coat color and seed size of wild soybeans is better Reflect the degree of evolution? Has the cultivated soybean gene introgressed into wild soybeans? Questions about these perennial academic years This article presents our research answers. We believe that “true ” semi-wild soybean does not exist in the current collection of semi-wild resources in China; some wild soybean white flowers, gray hair, non-muddy traits derived from cultivated soybean genetic infiltration.