[目的 ]探索煤矿职工丧失劳动能力的原因。 [方法 ]对企业 1998～ 2 0 0 0年职工劳动能力鉴定资料进行分析。 [结果 ]职工丧失劳动能力的总累计发生率为 188.42 /万 ,其中完全丧失劳动能力 ( 1～ 4级 )的累计发生率为 35 .94/万 ,前三位病因依次为 :损伤 (占 2 8.46 % )、精神与行为障碍 ( 15 .77% )、循环系疾病 ( 14 .6 2 % ) ;部分丧失劳动能力 ( 5～ 10级 )的累计发生率为 15 2 .48/万 ,前三位病因依次为 :损伤 ( 6 1.5 6 % )、肌肉骨骼系与结缔组织病 ( 7.80 % )、消化系疾病 ( 5 .89% )。职业伤害 (占损伤的 84.99% )发生原因的前三位是违反操作规程、违章指挥、违反劳动纪律。 [结论 ]职业伤害是煤矿职工身体健康的最大威胁。企业应采取积极干预措施 ,预防和控制意外事故的发生。建议劳动部门与疾病控制部门建立统计报告制度 ,以便加强对职工丧失劳动能力的病因研究 [Objective] To explore the reason why coal mine workers lost their ability to work. [Method] The data of appraisal of workers’ labor ability in enterprises from 1998 to 2000 were analyzed. [Results] The total cumulative incidence of incapacity of workers was 188.42 / million, of which the cumulative incidence of total incapacity (grades 1-4) was 35.94 million. The top three causes were injury (2 8.46%), mental and behavioral disorders (15.77%), circulatory diseases (14.62%) and partial incapacity (grades 5-10) were 15.248 / The etiological factors were as follows: injury (6 1.56%), musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases (7.80%) and digestive diseases (5.89%). The top three causes of occupational injuries (accounting for 84.99% of the damage) were breaches of operating rules, commanding illegal activities and violating labor discipline. [Conclusion] Occupational injury is the biggest threat to the health of coal mine workers. Enterprises should take active interventions to prevent and control the occurrence of accidents. It is suggested that the labor department and the disease control department should establish a statistical reporting system in order to strengthen the research on the etiology of workers’ incapacity