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研发活动是促进全要素生产率(TFP)增长的基本方式,不同类型研发活动对全要素生产率的影响具有差异性。在建立联系基础研究、应用研究、试验发展和全要素生产率的理论模型基础上,利用长江经济带11省市2003~2013年面板数据,实证分析三种不同类型研发投资对全要素生产率的具体影响。研究发现:从短期看,基础研究对TFP的促进作用不明显,应用研究和试验发展对TFP的增长均产生显著正向作用,且试验发展对TFP的作用效果较为迅速;从长期看,基础研究对TFP的促进作用最大,应用研究次之,试验发展作用程度最小。因此,单纯依赖试验发展和应用研究促使生产率提高并非长久之计,应该加大基础研究投入力度,促进全要素生产率的长期可持续增长。
R & D activities are the basic ways to promote total factor productivity (TFP) growth, and the impact of different types of R & D activities on total factor productivity is different. Based on the establishment of the theoretical model of linking basic research, applied research, experimental development and total factor productivity, the panel data of 11 provinces and municipalities in the Yangtze River economic belt from 2003 to 2013 are used to empirically analyze the specific impact of three different types of R & D investment on total factor productivity . The study found that in the short term, basic research did not significantly promote TFP, and applied research and experimental development had a significant positive effect on the growth of TFP. Moreover, the effect of experimental development on TFP was relatively rapid. In the long run, basic research TFP promotion of the largest role, followed by applied research and development to a minimum extent. Therefore, simply relying on experimental development and applied research to promote productivity growth is not a long-term solution. We should increase investment in basic research and promote long-term sustainable growth of total factor productivity.