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有限元法是适应使用电子计算机而发展起来的一种新颖和有效的数值方法.它自1956年在航空工业首次运用成功起,便被广泛应用于工程技术的各个领域.1973年,美国密执安大学的Farah最先应用二维有限元法,对三种不同龈边缘形态的全冠制备体进行了应力分析,从此,有限元的方法就被逐渐应用到口腔医学的许多方面,但是大量的研究主要集中在与牙体、牙周、下颌骨、义齿及种植体相关的生物力学问题上,而对于包括上颌骨在内的颅面复合体的研究,却只是近十年才陆续有报道,具体情况如下:1颅面复合体有限元模型的建立有限元法作为一种和现代计算机技术相联系的理论应力分析方法,在口腔医学中应用是先进、有效、方便实用的,但它所有优越性的体现,都必须依赖于建立具有生物力学特性的动态的三维有限元模型,理想模型的建立是准确计算和分析的基础,是有限元法的关键.颅面复合体作为人体的一部分,不仅不是规则的几何体,而且是骨骼系统中结构最复杂,功能最多样的结构之一.因此建立一个满意的颅面复合体三维有限元模型,就成了有限元分析中最困难的一步.为此,国内外许多学者进行了不同的尝试和研究.1986年日本大阪大学的Miyasaka等,首次利用干颅骨作为建模素材,将整个颅面复合体沿水平向机械切割为14层,层厚为10mm; 然后以1:
The finite element method is a novel and effective numerical method developed to adapt to the use of electronic computers and has been widely used in all fields of engineering since its first successful application in the aviation industry in 1956. In 1973, Farah of Ann University first applied two-dimensional finite element method to stress analysis of three kinds of crown crowns with different gingival marginal morphology. Since then, the finite element method has been gradually applied to many aspects of stomatology, but a large number of The research mainly focuses on the biomechanical issues related to the teeth, periodontal, mandible, denture and implant. However, studies on the craniofacial complex including the maxilla have only been reported in recent ten years. The details are as follows: 1 The establishment of finite element model of craniofacial complex Finite element method as a theoretical stress analysis method associated with modern computer technology, applied in stomatology is advanced, effective, convenient and practical, but it all superior Sexual performance, must rely on the establishment of a dynamic three-dimensional finite element model with biomechanical properties, the establishment of the ideal model is the basis for accurate calculation and analysis, there is a The key of the finite element method is that the craniofacial complex, as a part of the human body, is not only not a regular geometric body but also one of the most complex and most versatile structures in the skeletal system.So a satisfactory craniofacial complex 3D finite element Model has become the most difficult step in the finite element analysis.Therefore, many scholars at home and abroad have carried out different attempts and studies.Miyasaka Osaka University in 1986, such as the first use of dry skull as a modeling material, the entire skull Face complex along the horizontal to the mechanical cutting of 14 layers, layer thickness of 10mm; then 1: