目的探讨乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、前S1抗原(Pre-S1)、前S2抗原(Pre-S2)与其病毒DNA(HBVDNA)的关系。方法收集268例乙型肝炎患者血标本,以荧光定量PCR法检测HBV DNA,时间分辨荧光免疫分析法检测HBeAg,酶联免疫吸附法检测Pre-S1、Pre-S2。结果HBV DNA阳性组HBeAg、Pre-S1、Pre-S2阳性率分别为48．2％、76．4％、100％,HBV DNA阴性组分别为1．6％、36．3％、32．3％,两组间每指标阳性率比较,差异均有显著性(均P<0．01)。结论HBeAg、Pre-S1、Pre-S2与HBV DNA关系密切,以HBV DNA阳性为参照标准,反映病毒复制的敏感性Pre-S2最高,其次为Pre-S1,HBeAg较低;Pre-S1、Pre-S2可作为HBV DNA的补充指标。 Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), Pre-S1, Pre-S2 and HBV DNA. Methods Blood samples were collected from 268 patients with hepatitis B, HBV DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, HBeAg was detected by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay, and Pre-S1 and Pre-S2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The positive rates of HBeAg, Pre-S1 and Pre-S2 in HBV DNA positive group were 48.2%, 76.4% and 100%, respectively, and those in HBV DNA negative group were 1.6%, 36.3% and 32.3 %, The positive rate of each index between the two groups, the difference was significant (P <0.01). Pre-S1, Pre-S1 and Pre-S2 were closely related to HBV DNA. HBV DNA positive was the reference standard, which showed that the sensitivity of virus replication was highest in Pre-S2, followed by Pre-S1, -S2 can serve as a supplementary indicator of HBV DNA.