论文部分内容阅读
Ⅰ.单项选择
1. I have three sisters. One is in Beijing, and ____ are in Guangzhou.
A. another B. the others C. others D. the other
2. The Valentine’s Day is ____ the fourteenth day of February.
A. at B. in C. on D. about
3. I attended the English party last night and I really had ____ there.
A. a wonderful time B. wonderful time
C. a funny time D. funny time
4. Only when he had operated the machine ____ that he had made a
big mistake.
A. he realized B. did he realize
C. realized he D. did realize he
5. The famous writer—Andersen ____ the language in his tales so that
children can understand them.
A. simplified B. adopted C. abandoned D. rewrote
6. My parents don’t ____ of my trying to earn some money because they
are worried that I will neglect my studies.
A. approve B. adapt C. advertise D. admire
7. It wasn’t a ____ show; it was ____.
A. recorded; live B. recording; living
C. recording; live D. to record; alive
8. Most of our meetings were ____ the housing problem.
A. stuck to discuss B. devoted to discussing
C. referred to discussing D. decided to discussing
9. If he had left home a little earlier, he ____ the train.
A. would catch B. would have caught
C. will catch D. will have caught
10. In the examination, we should try our best to make ____ as possible.
A. as few mistakes B. as fewest mistakes
C. few as mistakes D. fewest as mistakes
11. This kind of glasses made by experienced workers ____ comfortably.
A. is worn B. wearing C. wears D. are worn
12. He is not a diligent student, for it is the fifth time he has been late,
____?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. hasn’t it D. has it
13. She ought to stop working; she has a headache because she ____ too
long.
A. had read B. has been reading
C. is reading D. read
14. I have even forgotten the name of this man, ____ I met last week in
my office.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
15. ____ first reached the top of the highest mountain in this country.
A. It was Richard and Tom that B. It were Richard and Tom who
C. It was Richard and Tom whom D. It were Richard and Tom that
Ⅱ.完形填空
It is not polite to arrive at a dinner party more than 15 to 20 minutes late. The host or hostess usually waits for all the guests to arrive before __1__ the meal. If someone is late, the food may be soiled(糟蹋), and so might the host or hostess’s __2__. If you have to be late, call and tell them to __3__ you.
It is even __4__ to be early!The host or hostess will probably not be __5__. If you are early, drive or walk around the block a few times, or just sit in your car __6__ the right time.
Though it’s often important to arrive on time, yet __7__, for open houses, the host or hostess invites guests to arrive and leave __8__ a certain time so you can arrive at any time __9__ the time he or she gives you.
It’s nice to bring an empty stomach, but it’s even nicer to bring a small present. The present should not cost __10__, or you might embarrass(使窘迫) the host or hostess. Flowers, wine, or a box of candy will __11__. Never bring money as a present.
In an introduction, the order of a name is: a) the given name, b) the family name. In other words, the given name comes __12__. It’s important not only to learn and remember names, but to __13__ them often in conversation. After the __14__, we usually call friends by their given names, __15__ may want you to call them by their titles and __16__, such as “Mr. Jones”, “Mrs. Smith”, “Ms Johnson” or “Dr Brown”.
A maiden name is a woman’s family name __17__. In the United States and Canada, after a woman marries, she __18__ the family name of her husband __19__ her maiden name. It is now becoming __20__, however, for women to keep their maiden names after they get married.
1. A. making B. serving C. doing D. cooking
2. A. soul B. spirit C. thought D. idea
3. A. have with B. have without C. start with D. start without
4. A. nice B. nicer C. worse D. bad
5. A. back B. in C. up D. ready
6. A. until B. after C. before D. by
7. A. in the other hand B. on the other hand
C. in another hand D. on other hand
8. A. between B. among C. for D. at
9. A. within B. by C. on D. in
10. A. many B. a little C. a lot D. a few
11. A. be well B. be right C. do well D. do fine
12. A. after B. before C. first D. later
13. A. recall B. repeat C. speak D. retell
14. A. meeting B. conversation C. introduction D. dinner
15. A. Older people B. Young people
C. Gentlemen D. Doctors
16. A. given names B. first names C. family names D. nick names
17. A. on birth B. from birth C. with birth D. at birth
18. A. gives B. brings C. carries D. takes
19. A. instead B. in place of C. takes place D. in place
20. A. important B. necessary C. special D. common
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(A)
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual cloth—khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees had really become an everyday thing,” said business consultant Maisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear causal clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservation dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee moral. Only 4 percent of employers said that causal dress had a negative impact on productive. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more causal clothes.”
1. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict”,
because ____.
A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he couldn’t stand a clean appearance
C. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
D. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes
2. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ____.
A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company
3. According to this passage, which of the following statements is false? ____.
A. Many employees don’t like a conservation dress code
B. Comfortable clothes make employees more productive
C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees
D. All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear
4. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? ____.
A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago
B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s
C. “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people
5. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage except ____.
A. saving employees’ money
B. making employees more attractive
C. improving employees’ motivation
D. making employees happier
(B)
Traveling can be a way to gain life experiences, especially during Spring Break—a week long school vacation in the United States. But what if you’re a student and don’t have enough money for a trip? Don’t worry. Here are some useful suggestions.
Save: This probably is the most important preparation for traveling. Cut expenses to fatten your wallet so you’ll have more choices about where to go and how to get there.
Plan ahead: Don’t wait until the last minute to plan your trip. Tickets may cost more when bought on short notice. Giving yourself several months to get ready can mean security and savings.
Do your homework: No matter where you go, research the places you will visit. Decide what to see. Travel books will provide information on the cheapest hotels and restaurants.
Plan sensibly: Write down what you expect to spend for food and hotels. Stick to your plan or you may not have enough money to cover everything.
Travel in groups: Find someone who is interested in visiting the same places. By traveling with others you can share costs and experiences.
Work as you go: Need more money to support your trip? Look for work in the places you visit.
Go off the beaten path: Tourist cities may be expensive. You may want to rethink your trip and go to a less-known area. Smaller towns can have many interesting activities and sights.
Pack necessary things: The most important things to take are not always clothes: Remember medicine in case you get sick and snacks in case you cannot find a cheap restaurant.
Use the Internet: The Net can help to save money. Some useful websites include www. Travelocity.com, www.bar-gains-lowest fare.com and www. Economic travel. com.
By planning sensibly, even students can enjoy the travel. Your travel experiences will be remembered for a lifetime.
1. This passage is about ____.
A. how to plan your travel
B. how to travel with enough money
C. how to make your travel interesting
D. how to get life experiences
2. The writer advises you ____.
A. to share costs with any other people
B. not to go to well-known places
C. not to visit dangerous places
D. to buy anything you want to buy
3. During your trip ____.
A. you need more shoes than clothes
B. you shouldn’t look for all the way
C. you can gain valuable life experiences
D. you should forget to do your homework
(C)
A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made—the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common labors or even the skilled factory workers, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.
This attitude toward manual (体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. And the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.
1. According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly
because ____.
A. servants in America are hard to get
B. she takes pride in what she can do herself
C. she can hardly afford servants
D. it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food
2. The expression “wait on table” in the second paragraph means
“____”.
A. work in a furniture shop B. keep accounts for a bar
C. wait to lay the table D. serve customers in a restaurant
3. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?
____.
A. A Respectable Self-made Family
B. American Attitude Toward Manual Labor
C. Characteristics of American Culture
D. The Development of Manual Labor
(D)
Suppose we built a robot to explore the planet mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No, the robot would be using the energy at a time when it was not receiving any. We would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.
According to evolutionary theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evaluation has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.
The evolutionary theory explain the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.
1. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ____.
A. the differences between robots and men
B. the reasons why men need to sleep
C. about the need for robots to save power
D. about the danger of men working at night
2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ____.
A. keep up a regular pattern of life
B. prevent trouble that comes looking for him
C. avoid danger and inefficient labor
D. restore his bodily functions
3. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ____.
A. Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking
B. The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory
C. Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots
D. The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats
(E)
Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos(禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art, and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. You may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting—and they can cover pretty much or any topic—as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent manner.
In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topic, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia his wife or children.
As general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.
1. The author considers politics and religion ____.
A. cheerful topics
B. taboos
C. rude topics
D. topics that can never be talked about
2. Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others? ____.
A. They don’t want to talk with others much
B. They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informal conversation
C. They are afraid to argue with their colleagues
D. They want to keep their feelings to themselves
3. What shouldn’t you do when talking about sports with colleagues from another country? ____.
A. Praising your own country’s sports
B. Criticizing your own country’s sports
C. Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country
D. Criticizing the sports of your colleagues’ country
Ⅳ.选词填空(其中有一项多余)
A. honored B. set C. historic D. secretly E. citizen
F. granted G. route H. briefly I. restoration J. leading
Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United States. He became a __1__ voice in the year before the Civil War.
A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) __2__ Douglass’s birth and Black History Month with the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a __3__ site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass’s personal possessions, had undergone a three-year __4__. (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don’t have to live in the nation’s capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)
He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father he never knew. Douglass grew up to become the first black __5__ to hold a government office—as US minister and consul general (总领事) to Haiti.
As a youth, he never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so he __6__ taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.
In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system __7__ up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the __8__, housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.
He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution(美国宪法修正案), which __9__ African-Americans the right to vote.
Ⅴ.短文改错
On Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself 1.____
to do over a weekend. I am thinking of making a trip 2.____
to London, and visit the British Museum and some 3.____
parks. But I have spent most my money, so I cannot 4.____
even go out of town. I may go to a film, or a concert. 5.____
Yes, a concert can be very excited. You can watch your 6.____
stars while enjoying your favorite music. So then, a 7.____
concert cost so much. I may just listen to music; I have 8.____
some records giving to me as birthday gifts. If I listen 9.____
to my own records, there are no need to spend money. 10.____
All right. That’s what I’m going to do.
Ⅵ.书面表达
现在有不少人，甚至有些学生认为某些数字，如6、8、9等会带来好运。因此在选择手机号、电话号、车牌号等时，他们不惜花高昂的“择号费”来获得这些数字。但你认为，成功与财富与这些吉祥的数字无关，而是艰苦劳动和不懈努力的结果。请根据以上内容用英语写一篇短文。
注意：词数：120 左右
Key(6)
1. I have three sisters. One is in Beijing, and ____ are in Guangzhou.
A. another B. the others C. others D. the other
2. The Valentine’s Day is ____ the fourteenth day of February.
A. at B. in C. on D. about
3. I attended the English party last night and I really had ____ there.
A. a wonderful time B. wonderful time
C. a funny time D. funny time
4. Only when he had operated the machine ____ that he had made a
big mistake.
A. he realized B. did he realize
C. realized he D. did realize he
5. The famous writer—Andersen ____ the language in his tales so that
children can understand them.
A. simplified B. adopted C. abandoned D. rewrote
6. My parents don’t ____ of my trying to earn some money because they
are worried that I will neglect my studies.
A. approve B. adapt C. advertise D. admire
7. It wasn’t a ____ show; it was ____.
A. recorded; live B. recording; living
C. recording; live D. to record; alive
8. Most of our meetings were ____ the housing problem.
A. stuck to discuss B. devoted to discussing
C. referred to discussing D. decided to discussing
9. If he had left home a little earlier, he ____ the train.
A. would catch B. would have caught
C. will catch D. will have caught
10. In the examination, we should try our best to make ____ as possible.
A. as few mistakes B. as fewest mistakes
C. few as mistakes D. fewest as mistakes
11. This kind of glasses made by experienced workers ____ comfortably.
A. is worn B. wearing C. wears D. are worn
12. He is not a diligent student, for it is the fifth time he has been late,
____?
A. isn’t it B. is it C. hasn’t it D. has it
13. She ought to stop working; she has a headache because she ____ too
long.
A. had read B. has been reading
C. is reading D. read
14. I have even forgotten the name of this man, ____ I met last week in
my office.
A. that B. whose C. which D. whom
15. ____ first reached the top of the highest mountain in this country.
A. It was Richard and Tom that B. It were Richard and Tom who
C. It was Richard and Tom whom D. It were Richard and Tom that
Ⅱ.完形填空
It is not polite to arrive at a dinner party more than 15 to 20 minutes late. The host or hostess usually waits for all the guests to arrive before __1__ the meal. If someone is late, the food may be soiled(糟蹋), and so might the host or hostess’s __2__. If you have to be late, call and tell them to __3__ you.
It is even __4__ to be early!The host or hostess will probably not be __5__. If you are early, drive or walk around the block a few times, or just sit in your car __6__ the right time.
Though it’s often important to arrive on time, yet __7__, for open houses, the host or hostess invites guests to arrive and leave __8__ a certain time so you can arrive at any time __9__ the time he or she gives you.
It’s nice to bring an empty stomach, but it’s even nicer to bring a small present. The present should not cost __10__, or you might embarrass(使窘迫) the host or hostess. Flowers, wine, or a box of candy will __11__. Never bring money as a present.
In an introduction, the order of a name is: a) the given name, b) the family name. In other words, the given name comes __12__. It’s important not only to learn and remember names, but to __13__ them often in conversation. After the __14__, we usually call friends by their given names, __15__ may want you to call them by their titles and __16__, such as “Mr. Jones”, “Mrs. Smith”, “Ms Johnson” or “Dr Brown”.
A maiden name is a woman’s family name __17__. In the United States and Canada, after a woman marries, she __18__ the family name of her husband __19__ her maiden name. It is now becoming __20__, however, for women to keep their maiden names after they get married.
1. A. making B. serving C. doing D. cooking
2. A. soul B. spirit C. thought D. idea
3. A. have with B. have without C. start with D. start without
4. A. nice B. nicer C. worse D. bad
5. A. back B. in C. up D. ready
6. A. until B. after C. before D. by
7. A. in the other hand B. on the other hand
C. in another hand D. on other hand
8. A. between B. among C. for D. at
9. A. within B. by C. on D. in
10. A. many B. a little C. a lot D. a few
11. A. be well B. be right C. do well D. do fine
12. A. after B. before C. first D. later
13. A. recall B. repeat C. speak D. retell
14. A. meeting B. conversation C. introduction D. dinner
15. A. Older people B. Young people
C. Gentlemen D. Doctors
16. A. given names B. first names C. family names D. nick names
17. A. on birth B. from birth C. with birth D. at birth
18. A. gives B. brings C. carries D. takes
19. A. instead B. in place of C. takes place D. in place
20. A. important B. necessary C. special D. common
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(A)
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual cloth—khaki pants and a sports shirt to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees had really become an everyday thing,” said business consultant Maisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear causal clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservation dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee moral. Only 4 percent of employers said that causal dress had a negative impact on productive. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more causal clothes.”
1. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict”,
because ____.
A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he couldn’t stand a clean appearance
C. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
D. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes
2. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ____.
A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company
3. According to this passage, which of the following statements is false? ____.
A. Many employees don’t like a conservation dress code
B. Comfortable clothes make employees more productive
C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees
D. All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear
4. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? ____.
A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago
B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s
C. “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people
5. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage except ____.
A. saving employees’ money
B. making employees more attractive
C. improving employees’ motivation
D. making employees happier
(B)
Traveling can be a way to gain life experiences, especially during Spring Break—a week long school vacation in the United States. But what if you’re a student and don’t have enough money for a trip? Don’t worry. Here are some useful suggestions.
Save: This probably is the most important preparation for traveling. Cut expenses to fatten your wallet so you’ll have more choices about where to go and how to get there.
Plan ahead: Don’t wait until the last minute to plan your trip. Tickets may cost more when bought on short notice. Giving yourself several months to get ready can mean security and savings.
Do your homework: No matter where you go, research the places you will visit. Decide what to see. Travel books will provide information on the cheapest hotels and restaurants.
Plan sensibly: Write down what you expect to spend for food and hotels. Stick to your plan or you may not have enough money to cover everything.
Travel in groups: Find someone who is interested in visiting the same places. By traveling with others you can share costs and experiences.
Work as you go: Need more money to support your trip? Look for work in the places you visit.
Go off the beaten path: Tourist cities may be expensive. You may want to rethink your trip and go to a less-known area. Smaller towns can have many interesting activities and sights.
Pack necessary things: The most important things to take are not always clothes: Remember medicine in case you get sick and snacks in case you cannot find a cheap restaurant.
Use the Internet: The Net can help to save money. Some useful websites include www. Travelocity.com, www.bar-gains-lowest fare.com and www. Economic travel. com.
By planning sensibly, even students can enjoy the travel. Your travel experiences will be remembered for a lifetime.
1. This passage is about ____.
A. how to plan your travel
B. how to travel with enough money
C. how to make your travel interesting
D. how to get life experiences
2. The writer advises you ____.
A. to share costs with any other people
B. not to go to well-known places
C. not to visit dangerous places
D. to buy anything you want to buy
3. During your trip ____.
A. you need more shoes than clothes
B. you shouldn’t look for all the way
C. you can gain valuable life experiences
D. you should forget to do your homework
(C)
A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made—the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common labors or even the skilled factory workers, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.
This attitude toward manual (体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. And the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.
1. According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly
because ____.
A. servants in America are hard to get
B. she takes pride in what she can do herself
C. she can hardly afford servants
D. it is easy to prepare a meal with canned food
2. The expression “wait on table” in the second paragraph means
“____”.
A. work in a furniture shop B. keep accounts for a bar
C. wait to lay the table D. serve customers in a restaurant
3. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?
____.
A. A Respectable Self-made Family
B. American Attitude Toward Manual Labor
C. Characteristics of American Culture
D. The Development of Manual Labor
(D)
Suppose we built a robot to explore the planet mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No, the robot would be using the energy at a time when it was not receiving any. We would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.
According to evolutionary theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evaluation has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.
The evolutionary theory explain the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.
1. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us ____.
A. the differences between robots and men
B. the reasons why men need to sleep
C. about the need for robots to save power
D. about the danger of men working at night
2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him ____.
A. keep up a regular pattern of life
B. prevent trouble that comes looking for him
C. avoid danger and inefficient labor
D. restore his bodily functions
3. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ____.
A. Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking
B. The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory
C. Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots
D. The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats
(E)
Informal conversation is an important part of any business relationship. Before you start a discussion, however, make sure you understand which topics are suitable and which are considered taboos(禁忌) in a particular culture. Latin Americans enjoy sharing information about their local history, art, and customs. They expect questions about their family and are sure to show pictures of their children. You may feel free to ask similar questions of your Latin American friends. The French think of conversation as an art form, and they enjoy the value of lively discussions as well as disagreements. For them, arguments can be interesting—and they can cover pretty much or any topic—as long as they occur in a respectful and intelligent manner.
In the United States, business people like to discuss a wide range of topic, including opinions about work, family, hobbies, and politics. In Japan, China, and Korea, however, people are much more private. They do not share much about their thoughts, feelings, or emotions because they feel that doing so might take away from the harmonious business relationship they’re trying to build. Middle Easterners are also private about their personal lives and family matters. It is considered rude, for example, to ask a businessman from Saudi Arabia his wife or children.
As general rule, it’s best not to talk about politics or religion with your business friends. This can get you into trouble, even in the United States, where people hold different views. In addition, discussing one’s salary is usually considered unsuitable. Sports is typically a friendly subject in most parts of the world, although be careful not to criticize a national sport. Instead, be friendly and praise your host’s team.
1. The author considers politics and religion ____.
A. cheerful topics
B. taboos
C. rude topics
D. topics that can never be talked about
2. Why are people from Asia more private in their conversation with others? ____.
A. They don’t want to talk with others much
B. They don’t want to have their good relationship with others harmed by informal conversation
C. They are afraid to argue with their colleagues
D. They want to keep their feelings to themselves
3. What shouldn’t you do when talking about sports with colleagues from another country? ____.
A. Praising your own country’s sports
B. Criticizing your own country’s sports
C. Praising the sports of your colleagues’ country
D. Criticizing the sports of your colleagues’ country
Ⅳ.选词填空(其中有一项多余)
A. honored B. set C. historic D. secretly E. citizen
F. granted G. route H. briefly I. restoration J. leading
Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United States. He became a __1__ voice in the year before the Civil War.
A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) __2__ Douglass’s birth and Black History Month with the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a __3__ site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass’s personal possessions, had undergone a three-year __4__. (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don’t have to live in the nation’s capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)
He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father he never knew. Douglass grew up to become the first black __5__ to hold a government office—as US minister and consul general (总领事) to Haiti.
As a youth, he never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so he __6__ taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.
In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system __7__ up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the __8__, housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.
He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution(美国宪法修正案), which __9__ African-Americans the right to vote.
Ⅴ.短文改错
On Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself 1.____
to do over a weekend. I am thinking of making a trip 2.____
to London, and visit the British Museum and some 3.____
parks. But I have spent most my money, so I cannot 4.____
even go out of town. I may go to a film, or a concert. 5.____
Yes, a concert can be very excited. You can watch your 6.____
stars while enjoying your favorite music. So then, a 7.____
concert cost so much. I may just listen to music; I have 8.____
some records giving to me as birthday gifts. If I listen 9.____
to my own records, there are no need to spend money. 10.____
All right. That’s what I’m going to do.
Ⅵ.书面表达
现在有不少人，甚至有些学生认为某些数字，如6、8、9等会带来好运。因此在选择手机号、电话号、车牌号等时，他们不惜花高昂的“择号费”来获得这些数字。但你认为，成功与财富与这些吉祥的数字无关，而是艰苦劳动和不懈努力的结果。请根据以上内容用英语写一篇短文。
注意：词数：120 左右
Key(6)