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小偃54由小麦(Triticum aestivum)和长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum ponticum)远缘杂交而成,具光合作用过程中内源循环光合磷酸化活力较高和对逆境有较高抗性等特点。以小偃54与小麦品种京411和8602及其优选杂交后代为试材,在抽穗期和灌浆期测定其光合性能及其在后代中的表现,以期为改善小麦光合性能育种提供理论基础。结果表明,两个已在生产中有应用价值的优选杂交后代8154和1287的净光合速率稍高于各自的亲本(小偃54与京411和小偃54与8602),说明小麦高产性状的选择常与高光合速率相联系。小偃54与京411交配而得的3个具有不同特性的单粒传优选杂交后代的叶片净光合速率和叶绿素含量都与两个亲本相仿,但在灌浆期测得小偃54及其优选杂交后代的三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量均较京411高,其中一个优选杂交后代的ATP含量在抽穗期和灌浆期均为其两个亲本的2倍以上,这可能与其亲本小偃54的循环光合磷酸化活力较高有关。
Xiaoyan 54 is a hybrid of distant crosses of Triticum aestivum and Thinopyrum ponticum, which has the characteristics of higher endogenous photosynthetic phosphorylation activity and higher resistance to adverse environment during photosynthesis. Taking Xiaoyan 54 and wheat cultivars Jing 411 and 8602 and their preferred offspring as test materials, their photosynthetic characteristics and their progenies in heading and heading stages were determined at heading and filling stages in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving photosynthetic performance of wheat. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of two preferred hybrid progenies, 8154 and 1287, which had been applied in production was slightly higher than their parents (Xiaoyan 54 and Jing 411 and Xiaoyan 54 and 8602), indicating the selection of high yield traits in wheat Often associated with high photosynthetic rate. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of three hybrid progenies with different characteristics obtained from Xiaoyan 54 and Jing 411 were similar to those of two parents, but Xiaoyan 54 and its preferred hybridization The content of ATP in the offspring was higher than that in Jing 411, and the ATP content of one of the preferred hybrid progenies was more than twice that of the two parents at heading and filling stages, which may be related to the photosynthetic phosphorylation of its parent Xiaoyan 54 Higher vitality.