国共两党之外:曾琦与梁启超的关系考论

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曾琦早年受梁启超思想的影响,不但心仪梁氏,忝列其门墙,而且在留日期间与其所主导的研究系往还甚勤。中日军事协议事起,留日学生纷纷罢学归国。曾琦趁机运动梁启超,期望其出而办学以收容之。惜曾琦的请求遭梁氏婉拒。失望之余,曾琦只有加紧少年中国学会的活动,以建事业根基。颇具吊诡意味的是,两者却不约而同地参与催生五四运动。曾琦希望藉此扩大少年中国学会的影响,从而增强自身的影响力;而梁氏领衔的研究系则重在推倒段祺瑞政府。然而,少年中国学会的发展最终不能为曾琦所控,不得已他只有留学法国,以寻求新的发展。而五四运动的和平解决也使研究系的愿望落空,由此,研究系不得不谋求新的发展。梁启超欧游归来,仍难以忘情政治,屡屡受挫,似应歇手。留法期间,曾琦日益倾向革命,似与梁启超渐行渐远。但在国共合作后日益激进的态势下,梁启超欲罢不能,不得不产生联络国家主义派等再起之想。归国以后,曾琦所领导的国家主义派发展较著,对梁启超系不太认同。然而,伴随北伐军势,曾琦与梁启超为抵制国共两党的大肆打压又有携手之议。但梁启超已心有余而力不足,政治事业只得俟诸后生。 In the early years of his career, he had been influenced by Liang Qichao’s thought. Not only was his name Leung, his door wall, but also his daughters-in-command during his stay in Japan. Since the Sino-Japanese military agreement began, students from Japan have returned to their homeland in succession. Zeng Qi took the opportunity to exercise Liang Qichao, expecting to run out of school to accommodate it. Pity Zeng Qi’s request was beam declined. Disappointed, Zeng Qi only stepping up activities of young Chinese Society to build a foundation for their cause. What is quite paradoxical is that both are invariably involved in the birth of the May 4th Movement. Tsang Chi hopes to expand the influence of the Chinese Society of Juvenile to enhance its influence; and Liang’s research department focuses on overthrowing the Duan Qirui government. However, the development of the Juvenile Chinese Society can not ultimately be controlled by Zeng Qi, and he had no other choice but to study in France in order to seek new development. The peace resolution of the May Fourth Movement also frustrated the desires of the research department. Therefore, the research department had to seek new development. Liang Qichao returned from Europe tour, still difficult to forget politics, frustrated, it seems that should be stopped. During the stay in France, Tsang increasingly inclined to revolution, seems to be getting further away from Liang. However, under the increasingly radical situation after the Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Liang Qichao could not stop it and had to reconnect with the nationalist faction. After returning to China, the nationalist faction led by Tsang Chih-k’i has developed considerably, not to agree with Liang Qichao. However, with the military expedition to the Northern Expedition, Zeng Qi and Liang Qichao also opposed the suppression of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. However, Liang Qichao has more than enough help and energy, and political career has to go after all kinds of future generations.
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