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交流电的最大值和有效值是表征正弦交流电的重要物理量。最大值(Im,Um)是交流电在一个周期内所能达到的最大数值,而有效值(I,U)是指交流电和直流电通过相同阻值的电阻在相同时间内产生相同热量的直流值(i,v)。由于在课堂上准确地测量电流的热效应相当困难,所以很难用实验来演示最大值与有效值的关系。本文介绍一种利用氖泡的启辉电压来演示交流电的最大值与有效值的关系的实验方法,供参考。
The maximum value and effective value of alternating current are important physical quantities that characterize sinusoidal alternating current. The maximum value (Im, Um) is the maximum value that an alternating current can reach in one cycle, and the effective value (I, U) is the direct current value that the alternating current and direct current generate the same amount of heat at the same time through the same resistance. i, v). Since it is difficult to accurately measure the thermal effects of currents in the classroom, it is difficult to use experiments to demonstrate the relationship between maximum and effective values. This article describes an experimental method for demonstrating the relationship between the maximum value and the effective value of an alternating current using the starting voltage of a helium bubble for reference.