医疗行业既具有市场性,又具有公共性。市场产品和公共产品的社会性质是不同的。公共产品具有非排他性和非竞争性,而市场产品则是排他的,也是竞争的。医疗行业是市场和公共两种经济性质混合的行业,它所提供的服务在市场品和公共品之间很难定位。即便是单个的医疗单位也很难说自己服务的性质是完全的市场性质,还是完全的公共性质。在两种性质混合的医疗行业中,寻找一个能产生和发挥公共性效率的切入点是解决目前“看病贵”、“看病难”的一个关键所在,也是提高公共性医 The medical industry has both marketability and publicity. The social nature of market products and public goods is different. Public goods are non-exclusive and non-competitive, while market products are exclusive and competitive. The healthcare industry is a mix of markets and public finances, and the services it provides are difficult to locate between marketables and public goods. Even a single medical unit can hardly tell whether the nature of the service is entirely market-based or completely public. In the medical industry where the two types of industries are mixed, finding a starting point that can produce and exert the public efficiency is a key point to solve the current problem of expensive medical treatment and difficult medical treatment,