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本文分析了社区共管在我国自然保护区建立与规划过程中的应用,指出了目前我国自然保护区参与式社区共管的两种模式,即自然保护区与当地政府形成统一部门进行的联合管理和保护区与其周边社区结合进行社区共管。分析了共管过程的一般内容与步骤,指明了我国自然保护区社区共管潜在的发展方向。我国自1956年第一个自然保护区建立始,到目前已经取得了长足的进展。但是,保护区与周边社区、自然资源保护与利用之间存在的矛盾表明传统的社区工作模式在某种程度上不适合目前我国自然保护区的发展。因此需要一个更为经济、易于操作、可持续发展的社区工作模式。近年来一些国际保护组织在我国开展的自然保护区项目表明社区共管是解决上述矛盾、提高自然保护区管理的一种有效途径。
This paper analyzes the application of community co-management in the establishment and planning of nature reserves in China, and points out the two modes of co-management of the participating communities in the nature reserves at present in our country, that is, the joint management and protection of the nature reserves and the local government in the formation of a unified department The district and its surrounding communities are engaged in community co-management. It analyzes the general content and steps of the process of co-management, and points out the potential development direction of community co-management in nature reserves of our country. Since the establishment of the first nature reserve in 1956 in our country, great progress has been made so far. However, the contradictions between the protection areas and the surrounding communities and the protection and utilization of natural resources indicate that the traditional community work patterns are not suitable for the development of the nature reserves in China at present. Therefore, a more economical, easy to operate and sustainable community work mode is needed. In recent years, some international protection organizations in China conducted a nature reserve project shows that community co-management is to solve these contradictions and improve the management of nature reserves is an effective way.