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在分析四川省凉山州植烟土壤肥力指标的基础上,建立了植烟土壤肥力适宜性评价指标体系,并运用模糊数学和主成分分析法对土壤肥力水平进行了评价及分级。结果表明:(1)凉山州植烟土壤pH适宜,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效钾含量多处于中等偏低水平;有效磷,交换性钙、镁处于中等偏高水平;有效铁、锰、锌、钼均以很丰富等级为主,水溶性硼与水溶性氯多处于中等偏低水平,而有效钼在各等级之间均有一定比例分布。(2)凉山州植烟区土壤适宜性指数变幅为0.25~0.95,平均值为0.64,变异系数为21.87%。(3)根据土壤适宜性指数(SFI)将凉山州土壤肥力分为高、较高、中等、较低和低5个等级,属于中等以上的植烟区土壤所占的比例为94.94%,无样品分布在低水平。其中布拖县SFI最高,喜德县SFI最低,其余地区SFI居中。
Based on the analysis of soil fertility index of tobacco planting in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan Province, the index system of tobacco soil suitability evaluation was established, and the soil fertility level was evaluated and graded by fuzzy mathematics and principal component analysis. The results showed as follows: (1) The pH value of tobacco planting in Liangshan Prefecture was suitable, and the contents of soil organic matter, available nitrogen and available potassium were mostly in the middle and low levels; available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and magnesium were moderately high; Zinc and molybdenum are all rich levels, water-soluble boron and water-soluble chlorine at a moderately low level, and effective molybdenum in all levels have a certain proportion of distribution. (2) The soil suitability index of Liangshan Prefecture tobacco planting area ranged from 0.25 to 0.95, with an average of 0.64 and a coefficient of variation of 21.87%. (3) According to soil suitability index (SFI), the soil fertility of Liangshan Prefecture was divided into high, medium, low, and low five grades, and the proportion of soils belonging to above middle level was 94.94% Samples are distributed at low levels. Among them, the highest SFI in Butuo County, the lowest SFI in Xide County and the rest SFI in the middle.