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村镇是我国城乡居民点体系中分布最广、数量最多的一部分。随着农村经济改革的推进与深化,村镇的经济加速发展,强有力地推动着村镇建设的繁荣与发展。与此同时,由于我国村镇建设在规划、管理等方面的技术力量与水平历来较差,跟不上村镇建设迅猛发展的需要,不仅产生了规划建设上的许多不合理现象,而且一旦发生灾害,损失尤为严重。我国80年代的10年间,仅台风灾害所损毁的房屋就达513万余间,人员伤亡3万余人。其中损毁房屋总数的90％以上在村镇,而人员伤亡的主要原因也是房屋损毁所致。在损毁的房屋中,近年来新建的房屋占相当大的比重,某些发展比较快的村镇甚至达2/3。据调查,造成这种状况的首要原因在于忽视风灾的历史规律与防风灾的历史经验,村镇建设缺乏科学规划,建设选址不当。
Villages and towns are the most widely distributed and largest part of China’s urban and rural settlements system. With the advancement and deepening of rural economic reforms, the accelerated economic development of villages and towns has strongly promoted the prosperity and development of village and township construction. At the same time, due to the fact that the technical strength and level of our country’s villages and towns in planning, management, etc. have always been relatively poor, and cannot keep up with the rapid development of villages and towns, not only has many unreasonable phenomena occurred in the planning and construction, but also in the event of disasters, The loss is particularly serious. In the 10 years of the 1980s, the number of houses damaged by typhoon disaster alone reached 5.13 million, and there were more than 30,000 casualties. Among them, more than 90% of the total number of damaged houses is in villages and towns, and the main cause of casualties is also caused by damage to the houses. Among the damaged houses, newly built houses accounted for a large proportion in recent years, and some villages and towns that have developed faster have even reached 2/3. According to the survey, the primary cause of this situation is to ignore the historical laws of wind disaster and the historical experience of wind disasters. There is a lack of scientific planning for the construction of villages and towns and improper site selection.