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“强迫失踪”是由国家代理人,或得到国家授权、支持或默许的个人或组织实施的暴行,其后果是将个人置于法律的保护之外。鉴于强迫失踪极端丑恶的性质及其所造成的严重后果,联合国通过了《保护所有人免遭强迫失踪国际公约》,确立强迫失踪是一种极端严重的犯罪,大规模有系统地实施强迫失踪构成危害人类罪,免遭强迫失踪是一项绝对的人权。《公约》是迄今为止联合国通过的所有人权公约中规定国家责任最严格、保护受害人最彻底、惩处犯罪人最坚决以及实施监督机制最有力度的一项公约。
“Enforced disappearances” are atrocities committed by State agents, or individuals or organizations authorized, supported or acquiesced in by the State, with the consequence of placing individuals outside the protection of the law. In view of the extremely ugly nature of the enforced disappearance and its grave consequences, the United Nations adopted the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, establishing that enforced disappearances are an extremely serious crime and that large-scale and systematic enforcement of enforced disappearances constitutes Hugh crimes against humanity and enforced disappearance are absolute human rights. The Convention is by far the most comprehensive convention on human rights adopted by the United Nations that stipulates the most stringent State responsibilities, the most thorough protection of victims, the most resolute punishment of offenders and the implementation of oversight mechanisms.