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目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制状态与牙周炎之间的相关性。方法:本研究为横断面调查，目标人群是2018年5至7月调查的上海市黄浦区糖尿病人群，使用分层系统抽样模型设计。本研究中的重度牙周炎被定义为不同象限至少有2个位点探诊深度≥6 mm，且临床附着丧失≥5 mm，因牙周炎致缺牙的无牙颌患者也计入重度牙周炎组，其余纳入者计入非重度牙周炎组。糖尿病血糖控制状态分为以下3类：控制不佳［糖化血红蛋白（glycated hemoglobin，HbA1c）>7.5%且空腹血糖>7.0 mmol/L］、控制良好（HbA1c≥6.5%且≤7.5%或空腹血糖≥6.1 mmol/L且≤7.0 mmol/L）及控制理想（HbA1c7.0 mmol/L], well controlled group (6.5%≤HbA1c≤7.5％ or 6.1 mmol/L≤FPG≤7.0 mmol/L) and ideally controlled group (HbA1c<6.5% and FPG<6.1 mmol/L). SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Chi square test was used for demographic data and frequency distribution, α=0.05, two-sided test. Ordinal regression model was used for PD and diabetes control status to balance confounding factors (including age, gender, education and smoking status). After matching the propensity scores between severe periodontitis group and non-severe periodontitis group, logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the level of diabetes control and periodontitis.Results:A total of 5 220 adults over the age of 18 with a medical history of diabetes participated in the survey, of which 3 064 subjects with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) who were given both oral and laboratory examinations and were included in this study. Statistics showed that the prevalence of moderate and severe periodontitis was 10.57% (324/3 064). In the severe periodontitis group, 79.01% (256/324) of the subjects were over 65 years old, 55.56% (180/324) were male, 58.33% (189/324) had lower education level than high school level, and 21.91% (71/324) were smokers, which were significantly higher than those in the non-severe periodontitis group (n P<0.01). In different T2DM status groups, the percentage of severe periodontitis increased with the aggravation of T2DM status. In severe periodontitis group, the proportion of patients with poor glycemic control was higher. T2DM patients with poor glycemic control accounted for 68.52% (222/324) in severe periodontitis group, which was significantly higher than the proportion of non-severe periodontitis group of 60.99% (1 671/2 740) (n P<0.05). The regression coefficient of PD was 0.191, and PD had a significant negative effect on the level of blood glucose (n P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between diabetes glycemic control and severe periodontitis (n OR=2.800, n P<0.05).n Conclusions:In Huangpu District of Shanghai, among T2DM patients, the age of severe periodontitis group was higher than that of non-severe periodontitis group, most of them were male, with lower education level and higher proportion of smoking. The severity of diabetes was related to periodontitis and the proportion of severe periodontitis was higher in patients with poor glycemic control.