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为了提高“嫦娥3号”探测器(着陆器和巡视器)的相对定位精度,针对两器信标实际设置情况,设计了同波束干涉测量(same-beam interferometry,SBI)观测方案。利用着陆器和巡视器星地对接数据分析检验了由差分群时延解算含微小系统差的差分相时延的方法,给出了甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)和同波束干涉测量模型及月面定位方法,并仿真分析了巡视器的相对定位精度。最终,把研究的方法实际应用于“嫦娥3号”巡视器的精密相对定位。结果表明,利用1h左右的连续观测弧段的着陆器数传信号以及巡视器数传信号(或遥测信号),采用事后处理方式,得到了随机误差约1ps的差分相时延数据。利用此数据,把“嫦娥3号”探测器的相对定位精度提高至1m左右。
In order to improve the relative positioning accuracy of the Chang’e-3 detector (lander and patrol), the same-beam interferometry (SBI) observation scheme was designed according to the actual settings of the two beacons. The method of resolving the differential phase delay with small system difference by differential group delay is tested by the satellite docking data analysis of the lander and the navigator, and the VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) Beam interference measurement model and lunar surface positioning method, and the relative positioning precision of the navigator is simulated and analyzed. Finally, the research method is actually applied to the precise relative positioning of “Chang’e3 ”. The results show that the differential phase delay data with random error of about 1 ps is obtained by means of post-processing using the lander digital signal of continuous observation arc of about 1 hour and the digital signal of the patrol (or telemetry signal). Using this data, the relative positioning accuracy of “Chang’e 3 ” detector is increased to about 1m.