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Background Aldosterone blockers could reduce the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in myocardial infarction (MI) patients by regulating hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (HCN) expression.But the mechanism underling HCN expression is unclear.Methods Eighteen rats surviving 24 hours postMI were randomly divided into 3 groups:MI,spironolactone,and spironolactone + antagomir-133 (miRNA-133 suppression).Sham group rats had a suture loosely tied around the left coronary artery,without ligation.HCN2 and HCN4 protein and mRNA level,and miRNA-133 level in the border zone of post-MI 1 week myocardium were measured.Results Spironolactone significantly increased miRNA-133 levels and down-regulated HCN2 and HCN4 at both mRNA and protein levels in post-MI border zone myocardium.Antagomir-133 reduced the effects of spironolactone on HCN2 and HCN4 protein levels.Conclusions The results suggest that miRNA-133 is involved in spironolactone induced HCN expression,and partially contributed to post-MI ventricular arrhythmias.