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理性是一个充满着多重意义的概念,有合逻辑、合规律、合事实的理性;有效率原则的工具理性;有合功利意义上的理性;有手段与目的一致的合目的的理性,有博弈均衡下的理性;有遵守道德或社会规范的理性,等等。但这些不同层面上的理性意义都有其局限,如果把某一特定层面的理性不适当的放大,并作为理性的标准,就会脱离人的现实活动。现实的人的理性是一种动态平衡的适度理性,是一种有限的、具体的、辩证的理性。人们采取哪一种理性方式,依赖于特定时空条件、范围和情景,依赖于一定的文化象征体系。
Rationality is a concept full of multiple meanings. It is based on the principles of logic, law of conformity, and factual conformity. The instrumental rationality of an efficient principle, the rationalism of a utilitarian sense, the rationality of a purposive purpose that has the same means and purpose, and a game Rationality under equilibrium; Rationality in observing ethical or social norms, and more. However, the rational meanings at these different levels have their own limitations. If one particular level of reason is improperly enlarged and used as a standard of reason, it will be out of human’s actual activities. Reality of human reason is a kind of moderate rationality of dynamic balance, which is a kind of limited, concrete and dialectical rationality. What kind of rational approach people adopt depends on specific conditions of space and time, scope and context, and depends on a certain system of cultural symbols.