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OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between the sensitivity to the tumor necrosis factor- related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and the level of expression of the death receptor 5 (DR5) on the surface of tumor cells.METHODS Anti-DR5 mAbs were used to directly detect the level of expression of DR5 on the surface of tumor cells. Using a TRAIL apoptosis kit and flow cytometry, the sensitivity of the tumor cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis was determined and the correlation between DR5 expression and sensitivity to TRAIL analyzed.RESULTS The expression level of DR5 on the surface of different tumor cells was as follows: 97.9% in U937 cells, 95.1% in Jurkat cells, 93.8% in SW480 cells, 86.2% in HCT116 cells, 64.2% in HL-60 cells, 46.6% in Hela cells and 13.1% in K562 cells. The TRAIL-induced apoptotic rate was 72.6% in U937 cells, 85.2% in Jurkat cells, 78.6% in SW480 cells, 70.2% in HCT116 cells,60.1% in HL-60 cells, 45.4% in Hela cells and 12.3% in K562 cells. Statistical analysis showed there was a significant positive correlation (r=0.997, P