煤窑沟位于吐鲁番县北郊距城约50公里的天山南坡,海拔900～1100米。1968年以来每年都有黑热病发生,1983年在该地首次证实副蛉亚属的亚历山大白蛉为黑热病的传播媒介。由于黑热病患者都在白蛉季节后发生,而在白蛉季节内又能在荒野里查见自然感染杜氏利什曼原虫的亚历山大白蛉,由此推断当地人感染黑热病很可能来源于荒野的动物界。为了查明当地黑热病的动物宿主,我们于1985～1986年在煤窑沟对野生动物及家犬进行了检查。 Coal ditch located in the northern suburb of Turpan County, about 50 kilometers from the city on the southern slopes of Tianshan, elevation 900 ~ 1100 meters. Kala-azar has been reported every year since 1968, and it was first confirmed in 1983 in that country that Alexander Baixia, a subgenus of the subgenus Paxa, has been the transmission media of kala-azar. As patients with kala-azar occurred after the catkins season, and in the wilderness they were able to see the white cats that naturally infected Leishmania donovani, inferring that the locality is likely to be infected with kala-azar-derived animals Sector. In order to identify the local black fever animal host, we in 1985 to 1986 in the coal ditch wildlife and domestic dogs were inspected.