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表面活性剂对有机污染物污染的环境有增效修复作用.本文通过考察鼠李糖脂、蔗糖脂肪酸酯和茶皂素对BDE-209的增溶作用、对菌J-1生长的影响及菌J-1对表面活性剂的利用,研究了3种表面活性剂对菌J-1降解BDE-209的影响及机理.结果表明:3种表面活性剂对BDE-209的增溶能力大小为鼠李糖脂>蔗糖脂肪酸酯>茶皂素.低浓度鼠李糖脂(<100mg·L-1)、蔗糖脂肪酸酯(<50mg·L-1)和茶皂素(<50mg·L-1)都能促进J-1对BDE-209的降解,且促进作用随表面活性剂浓度增加而增强,最高分别可将BDE-209降解率提高23.18%,16.47%和12.64%.3种表面活性剂中、高浓度均对J-1降解BDE-209有抑制作用,当鼠李糖脂、蔗糖脂肪酸酯和茶皂素浓度为1000mg·L-1时,J-1对BDE-209的降解率分别降低35.32%、16.54%和27.76%.低浓度表面活性剂的促进作用是增溶和协同代谢的综合效应;中等浓度的蔗糖脂肪酸酯(200～700mg·L-1)和茶皂素(100～200mg·L-1)的抑制作用是由于底物竞争或(/和)表面活性剂胶束内裹BDE-209阻碍了菌J-1与其接触所致;而高浓度表面活性剂的抑制作用是由于表面活性剂对菌J-1的毒害所致.
Surfactant has a synergistic effect on the environment polluted by organic pollutants.In this paper, the effects of rhamnolipid, sucrose fatty acid ester and tea saponin on the solubilization of BDE-209 and the growth of strain J-1 were investigated. The effects of three surfactants on the degradation of BDE-209 by strain J-1 were studied by using the surfactant J-1.The results showed that the solubilities of BDE-209 by three surfactants were Rhamnolipid> sucrose fatty acid ester> tea saponin. Low concentrations of rhamnolipid (<100 mg · L-1), sucrose fatty acid ester (<50 mg · L-1) and tea saponin (<50 mg · L -1) could promote the degradation of BDE-209 by J-1, and the promotion effect of BDE-209 was enhanced with the increase of surfactant concentration, and the degradation rates of BDE-209 were increased by 23.18%, 16.47% and 12.64% The active and the high concentration of J-1 inhibited the degradation of BDE-209. When rhamnolipid, sucrose fatty acid ester and tea saponin were 1000 mg · L-1, The degradation rate was reduced by 35.32%, 16.54% and 27.76%, respectively. The promotion effect of low concentration of surfactant was the combined effect of solubilization and synergistic metabolism. The moderate concentration of sucrose fatty acid ester (200-700 mg · L -1) Su (100 ~ 20 0 mg · L-1) is due to substrate competition or (/ and) the inclusion of BDE-209 in the surfactant micelles hinders the bacterial J-1 from contacting with it; whereas the inhibitory effect of high concentrations of surfactants is Due to the surfactant poisoning caused by bacteria J-1.