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动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis，AS)是一种病因复杂的慢性炎性疾病，是心脑血管等血栓性疾病的主要病因之一。细胞发生焦亡时，其过程伴有大量的炎性因子释放，又称为细胞炎性坏死。细胞焦亡与AS部位细胞死亡及炎症反应密切相关，内皮细胞(endothelial cells，ECs)焦亡释放黏附，趋化及促炎因子诱导早期动脉血管炎症反应，巨噬细胞(macrophages，MPs)焦亡加剧动脉粥样化病变和粥样斑块不稳定性，平滑肌细胞(smooth muscle cells，SMCs)焦亡诱导粥样斑块纤维帽破裂，促进疾病发展。因此，有效抑制细胞焦亡为研究预防和治疗AS提供新的思路。“,”Atherosclerosis is a kind of chronic inflammatory disease with complex etiology and is one of the main causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Pyroptosis is also called the process cellular inflammatory necrosis, accompanied by the release of a large number of inflammatory factors. It is closely related to cell death and inflammatory response in atherosclerosis. Pyroptosis in endothelial cells(ECs) induces early atherosclerotic vascular inflammation by releaseing adhesion, chemotaxis and pro-inflammatory factors. Pyroptosis in macrophages(MPs) exacerbates atherosclerotic lesions and instability of atheromatous plaque. Pyroptosis in smooth muscle cells(SMCs) induces rupture of atherosclerotic plaque fibrous cap and promotes disease progression. Therefore, effective inhibition of pyroptosis may be provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.