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目的了解秋冬型恙虫病流行特征及影响因素,为其控制对策与措施的251例患者制定提供科学依据。方法对山东省疾病报告信息系统2010年恙虫病监测数据251例患者进行流行病学分析,并对2010年的128例患者和256名无恙虫病史健康人进行1∶2匹配的病例对照研究。结果 5—11月均有发病,10月为高峰,占74.10%;发病年龄1～85岁,以50～70岁为主,占45.82%;48.21%为男性,51.79%为女性;农民为该病高发人群,占86.45%;按性别的年龄及职业分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素分析显示,住宅周围有杂草滋生或作物种植、居住村边、发病前感知不明昆虫叮咬、院内堆放柴草或农作物秸秆、居住环境潮湿、个人卫生习惯欠佳及居住草房是该病流行的危险因素,OR值分别为2.815、2.250、4.500、2.100、5.788、1.943及4.049;鼠类传播疾病知识认知为其保护性因素,PAR%为-47.57%。结论秋冬型恙虫病以中老年农民发病为主,10月为发病高峰,多种因素与其流行有关。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of autumn and winter scrub typhus and its influencing factors and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of its 251 control strategies and measures. Methods The epidemiological analysis of 251 cases of tsutsugamushi disease surveillance data from Shandong Province Disease Reporting Information System in 2010 and a case-control study of 1: 2 matching between 128 cases in 2010 and 256 healthy people without any history of tsutsugamushi disease were carried out. Results The incidence was from May to November, with the peak in October, accounting for 74.10%. The age of onset was from 1 to 85 years old, with the age from 50 to 70 years old accounting for 45.82%, 48.21% male and 51.79% female, The prevalence rate was 86.45%. There were no significant differences in the age and occupational distribution by sex (P> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that there was weed breeding or crop planting around the residence, Insect bites, yard straw or crop stalks, humid living environment, poor personal hygiene and living grass house are the risk factors for the epidemic, the OR values were 2.815, 2.250, 4.500, 2.100, 5.788, 1.943 and 4.049 respectively; Cognition of STDs as a protective factor, PAR% -47.57%. Conclusion Autumn and winter scrub typhus mainly in middle-aged and elderly peasants, the peak incidence in October, a variety of factors associated with its prevalence.