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目的了解秦皇岛市吸毒人群HIV,HCV和梅毒感染情况及其影响因素,为今后制定防治HIV,HCV和梅毒在吸毒人群中传播的策略提供科学依据。方法对2010年1月-2012年12月秦皇岛市美沙酮门诊和看守所636名吸毒人员进行自拟问卷调查和血清学检测,以分析HIV,HCV和梅毒阳性感染影响因素。结果 636名吸毒者中,注射吸毒占61.01%(388例),其中共用针具占29.90%(116例)。最近一年有商业性性活动者占17.30%(110例)。HIV,HCV和梅毒感染率依次为1.10%(7例)、52.20%(332例)和7.08%(45例)。吸毒人群3年来的HIV和HCV感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);年龄、文化程度、婚姻、户籍、民族、注射吸毒、共用针具与HIV和HCV感染相关;梅毒感染率呈显著上升趋势,3年的差异有统计学意义(P=0.028)。无因素与梅毒感染相关联。结论秦皇岛市吸毒人群HIV感染率较低,共用针具是其主要危险因素。梅毒和HCV感染率较高,注射吸毒是HCV感染的主要危险因素。积极宣传和推广美沙酮维持治疗,有针对性减少危险行为发生,可控制和降低HIV,HCV和梅毒在吸毒人群中传播和流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV, HCV and syphilis infection among drug users in Qinhuangdao and its influencing factors, and to provide a scientific basis for the future development of strategies to prevent and control HIV, HCV and syphilis transmission among drug users. Methods A total of 636 drug addicts in methadone clinics and detention centers in Qinhuangdao from January 2010 to December 2012 were investigated by questionnaires and serological tests to analyze the influencing factors of HIV, HCV and syphilis positive infection. Results Among the 636 drug addicts, 61.01% (388 cases) were injecting drugs, of which 29.90% (116 cases) shared needle. In the most recent year, commercial activity accounted for 17.30% (110 cases). The infection rates of HIV, HCV and syphilis were 1.10% (7 cases), 52.20% (332 cases) and 7.08% (45 cases) in turn. There was no significant difference in HIV and HCV infection rates among drug addicts over the past three years (P> 0.05); age, education level, marital status, household registration, ethnicity, injecting drug use and sharing needles were related to HIV and HCV infection; The upward trend of three years was statistically significant (P = 0.028). No factors associated with syphilis infection. Conclusion There is a low prevalence of HIV infection among drug users in Qinhuangdao City. Sharing needles is the main risk factor. Syphilis and HCV infection rates are high, and injecting drug use is a major risk factor for HCV infection. Actively promote and promote methadone maintenance treatment, targeted to reduce the risk of behavior, can control and reduce HIV, HCV and syphilis in drug addicts spread and epidemic.