叙述美国惯性约束聚变 (ICF)计划的结构 ,着重介绍“国家点火装置”。该装置是美国在不进行地下核试验时美国核防御计划的主要部分。美国惯性约束聚变计划的近期目标是在实验室内获得点火 ,并在将来获得高产额。本文叙述点火物理及有关领域的当前结果 ,以及对高产额有用的一些新概念。近年来开发的国际合作对加速进展的速度作出了贡献。文末简要叙述现有和计划进行的国际合作倡议。 Describe the structure of the American Inertial Constraint Fusion (ICF) program, highlighting “National Ignition Devices.” The device is a major part of the U.S. nuclear defense program when the United States does not conduct underground nuclear tests. The immediate goal of the US inertial confinement fusion program is to obtain ignition in the laboratory and to obtain high yields in the future. This article describes the current results of the ignition physics and related fields, as well as some of the new concepts useful for high yields. The international cooperation developed in recent years has contributed to the speed of progress. The article concludes with a brief description of existing and planned international cooperation initiatives.