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辛亥革命的民族主义,是认同血缘的种族主义,不是一致对外的民族独立建国,而是排斥国内已经溶合了的少数民族。清朝的满汉矛盾,经二百多年的溶合,在文化上已成一体。鸦片战争以后,已形成中西对立,“满洲人”三字只表示一个特权阶层的存在。但在戊戌变法失败后,革命党人以“驱除鞑虏”为政纲,把政治革命变成种族革命,实是一种倒退,应重新评估其价值。
The nationalism of the Revolution of 1911, which recognized racism as blood, did not mean unanimously building the nation independently of the outside world, but rather excluding the already fragmented ethnic groups in China. Manchu contradictions in the Qing Dynasty, after two hundred years of fusion, have become culturally integrated. After the Opium War, a contradiction has been formed between China and the West. The word “Manchuria” only indicates the existence of a privileged class. However, after the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, the revolutionaries turned the political revolution into a racial revolution with the policy of “expelling the war criminals.” It is indeed a retrogression and its value should be reassessed.