目的:了解2018年上海地区呼吸道感染流感样病例中人鼻病毒（human rhinovirus，HRV）流行状况和基因分型特征。方法:对2018年1—12月上海地区8家国家级流感监测哨点医院采集的960件流感样病例鼻咽拭子标本，采用逆转录实时荧光定量PCR方法进行HRV核酸筛查。所有HRV核酸阳性标本通过RT-PCR扩增其VP4/VP2基因片段，并测序，对获得的基因序列进行特征分析。结果:960件流感样病例鼻咽拭子标本中，HRV核酸阳性检出62件，检出率为6.46%（62/960），其中对56条VP2/VP4基因序列进行分型，51条为HRV-A型，1条为HRV-B型，4条为HRV-C型。在HRV感染阳性病例中10岁以下儿童为14.61%（13/89），青壮年和老年人中所占比例在2.70%~8.97%之间。1—3月未检出HRV，9—11月检出率较高，为62.90%。结论:2018年上海地区流感样病例中HRV感染主要在秋季，10岁以下儿童高发，HRV-A型是主要型别。“,”Objective:To investigate the prevalence characters and genotypes of human rhinovirus (HRV) among influenza-like illness (ILI) patients in Shanghai in 2018.Methods:The pharyngeal swab samples of 960 influenza-like cases in eight national sentinel hospitals were collected from January to December 2018. The HRV RNA was screened by realtime quantitative RT-PCR. The nucleic acid positive samples were used in amplification and sequencing of the VP4/VP2 gene segments. Character analysis and genotyping were performed based on the obtained sequences.Results:Sixty-two samples of the 960 ILI case were positive for HRV RNA and the positive rate was 6.46% (62/960). Among the 56 sequences of VP4/VP2 genes, 51 were HRV-A, 1 was HRV-B, and 4 were HRV-C. For the HRV infected cases, patients aged 0-10 years accounted for 14.61% (13/89). Young adults and the elderly people accounted between 2.70% to 8.97%. No HRV infection was found from January to March, and the positive rate of HRV from September to November was 62.90%.Conclusions:The HRV was mainly found in autumn among ILI patients in Shanghai in 2018. High prevalence of HRV in children less than 10 years old was observed. HRV-A is the dominant genotype.