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研究了美国的食品日期标注体系及相关立法问题,指出美国联邦和州之间碎片化的食品日期标注一定程度上阻碍食品工业发展,但美国的日期标注精细化程度高,考虑食品风险品类做不同的标注要求,并建立食品银行等社会化捐赠等机制对临近保质期食品进行合理处置。文章指出中国中央集权体制有统一立法的优势一定程度上避免了美国食品日期标注分散和碎片化带来的不利因素,但美国也有很多有益机制可供中国借鉴。建议中国可借鉴美国等发达国家的经验,一方面根据食品特点及风险分类,制定更科学合理的、更精细化的保质期体系;另一方面,民政部门可与食品药品监管部门协作,逐步推动和建立食品的安全、合理和综合利用,拓建食品安全社会共治的新途径。
The issue of labeling system for food dates in the United States and related legislation were studied. It pointed out that fragmented food labeling between the United States and the state hindered the development of the food industry to a certain extent. However, the date marking in the United States is highly refined and the food risk category is different Of the labeling requirements, and the establishment of food banks and other social donations and other mechanisms near the shelf-life of food for reasonable disposal. The article points out that the advantages of having unified legislation in China ’s centralized system have, to a certain extent, avoided the unfavorable factors caused by the fragmentation and fragmentation of the date labels in the United States. However, there are many beneficial mechanisms in the United States for reference by China. It is recommended that China draw lessons from the experience of developed countries such as the United States to formulate a more scientific and rationalized shelf life system based on the characteristics of food and risk classification. On the other hand, the civil affairs department can work with the food and drug regulatory authorities to gradually promote Establish a safe, reasonable and comprehensive utilization of food, and explore new ways to co-governance of food safety society.