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小麦条锈病是严重威胁我国小麦安全生产的病害,抗病品种培育和利用是经济、安全、高效的防控策略。通过对来自全国不同麦区的115个小麦生产品种进行苗期和成株期抗条锈病分小种鉴定的结果显示,供试小麦品种对条锈菌流行小种的抗病性存在明显差异。其中,苗期对7个条锈菌生理小种均表现抗病的品种9个(占参试品种的7.8%),均表现感病的品种23个(占20.0%);对条锈菌生理小种CYR32、CYR33和V26均表现全生育期抗性的品种13个(占11.3%)、成株抗性品种5个(占4.3%)和慢锈性品种3个(占2.6%)。表明当前我国小麦主产区品种整体抗条锈性水平仍较低,需大力加强小麦抗条锈病育种工作,并对不同麦区小麦品种合理布局问题进行了讨论。
Wheat stripe rust is a serious threat to the safety of wheat production in our country. It is economical, safe and effective to control and cultivate resistant varieties. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the disease resistance of the wheat cultivars tested against the stripe rust genotypes. In the seedling stage, 9 resistant cultivars (7.8% of the tested cultivars) showed 23 susceptible cultivars (20.0%) to all the 7 stripe rust races; Races CYR32, CYR33 and V26 all showed 13 resistance varieties (11.3%), 5 resistant plants (4.3%) and 3 rusty cultivars (2.6%). It is indicated that the overall resistance to stripe rust in the main wheat producing areas in China is still low. Therefore, it is necessary to vigorously strengthen the breeding of stripe rust resistance in wheat and to discuss the reasonable layout of wheat varieties in different wheat areas.