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一、特点高强度弹簧不锈钢的开发研究工作始于本世纪50年代初,目前,这类弹簧钢在发达国家已是标准化,系列化产品,其使用范围已相当广泛。为适应引进产品国产化用材之需求,我们开发了性能相当于国外水平的这类产品。人们最普遍使用的13—8系不锈钢的奥氏体组织是亚稳定的,冷塑性变形会诱发马氏体转变,并且,它们的冷变形硬化率特别高(为普通碳钢的4～5倍)。因此,只要对亚稳定的奥氏体不锈钢进行强烈的冷塑性变形,就可以获得高强度不锈弹簧钢。冷变形时产生的结构缺陷和应变马氏体是这类钢得到高度强化的原因,而相变诱发塑性又使它们具有良好的韧性。
First, the characteristics of high strength spring stainless steel research and development began in the early 50s of this century, at present, such spring steel in developed countries has been standardized, serialized products, its use has been quite extensive. In order to meet the needs of the introduction of products made of wood, we have developed a performance equivalent to foreign products of this type. The most commonly used austenitic microstructures of the 13-8 series stainless steels are metastable, cold plastic deformation induces martensitic transformation, and their cold deformation hardening rate is particularly high (4 to 5 times that of ordinary carbon steel ). Therefore, as long as the metastable austenitic stainless steel undergoes a strong cold plastic deformation, it is possible to obtain a high-strength stainless steel spring steel. Structural defects and strain martensites during cold deformation are the reasons why these steels are highly strengthened, and phase change induced plasticity in turn gives them good toughness.