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本研究通过比较九十名普通话单语儿童和方言-普通话双语儿童在词意识的两个层面——指代任意性意识和词界意识实验任务中的表现,探讨方言经验对儿童词意识发展的影响。研究发现,方言经验对儿童指代任意性意识的发展具有积极影响,表现在学龄前方言-普通话儿童在指代替换任务中的反应显著优于普通话单语儿童;然而,它对儿童词界意识的发展具有阻碍作用,即方言-普通话儿童在词界意识任务上,三年级开始落后于普通话单语儿童。研究结果对认识方言儿童词意识的发展模式具有一定启示,也为双语儿童词意识发展的研究打开了一个新视野。
This study compares the performance of ninety mandarin monolingual children and dialects - mandarin bilingual children in the two levels of word consciousness - referring to the performance of the task of arbitrariness and word sense of consciousness to explore the development of dialectal experience on the development of children’s word awareness influences. The study found that dialect experience had a positive effect on the development of children’s awareness of arbitrary consciousness, as manifested in that pre-school dialect-Putonghua children responded significantly better than those who spoke Mandarin instead of monolingual tasks; however, The development of dialect - Mandarin children in word sense tasks, the third grade began to lag behind the Mandarin monolingual children. The results of this study have some enlightenment on understanding the development pattern of children’s word awareness in dialect, and also opened a new horizon for the research on the development of word awareness of bilingual children.