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[目的]了解动物伤害人群的基本情况,为有针对性地做好被动物伤害人群狂犬病的预防控制工作和制定相应的狂犬病防制策略提供科学依据。[方法]通过广西宾阳县大桥镇卫生院防保科预防接种门诊,收集2008年狂犬病暴露人群数据进行分析。[结果]2008年有608例狂犬病暴露人群,全年平均动物伤害率为831.89/10万,0～9岁组受伤率最高为1924.83/10万,伤人动物主要是家狗和猫,占总数的92.44%,暴露人群全程注射人狂犬病疫苗率为78.29%,注射人狂犬病免疫球蛋白率为45.57%,在未全程注射人狂犬病疫苗者中因经济困难占62.12%。[结论]加强犬猫管理、加强对儿童的看护、强化群众防止动物致伤的防范意识是降低动物伤害率的有效措施;狂犬病可防不可治,暴露后及时正确处理伤口、接种人用狂犬病疫苗和狂犬病免疫球蛋白是预防狂犬病的唯一有效措施,为提高暴露人群人用狂犬病疫苗全程接种率,建议把被犬、猫等动物咬、抓伤者用于预防狂犬病的疫苗费用纳入新型农村合作医疗报销范围。
[Objective] To understand the basic situation of animal injuries and to provide a scientific basis for the targeted prevention and control of rabies in animal-injured population and to formulate corresponding strategies for rabies prevention. [Methods] Through the prevention and vaccination clinic of Daqiao Town, Binyang County, Guangxi Province, the data of 2008 rabies exposure population were collected and analyzed. [Results] In 2008, there were 608 cases of rabies exposure, the average annual animal injury rate was 831.89 / 100 000, the highest injury rate was 1924.83 / 100 000 in the 0-9 years group, the main animals were domestic dogs and cats, accounting for the total The rate of injecting human rabies vaccine was 78.29%. The rate of injecting human rabies immunoglobulin was 45.57%. In the case of people who did not inject human rabies vaccine, 62.12% were economically disadvantaged. [Conclusion] Strengthening the management of dogs and cats, strengthening the care of children, strengthening the people’s awareness of prevention of animal injuries is an effective measure to reduce the rate of animal injuries. Rabies can not be cured, the wounds should be treated timely and correctly after exposure, and rabies vaccine should be vaccinated And rabies immunoglobulin are the only effective measures to prevent rabies. In order to increase the whole vaccination rate of human rabies vaccines in exposed population, it is suggested that the cost of vaccines used to prevent rabies in rabbits, cats and other animal bites and scratched rabies be included in the new rural cooperative medical system Reimbursement range.