文章中援引古詩、古語或成語,可以增强說服力和感染力。但是,运用必須恰当,否則反会弄巧成拙。关于不恰当的援引的情况,一种是任意征引,随便解释。在一篇談友誼的文章中,作者写道:“杜甫有一首诗就对这种朋友之道慨叹說,‘翻手作云复手雨,紛紛輕薄何須数!君不見管鲍貧时交?此道今人弃如土!’”所謂“这种朋友之道”是指什么呢,按照作者 Citing ancient poems, archaism or idioms in the essay can enhance persuasion and contagion. However, the application must be appropriate, otherwise the reaction will self-defeating. As to the inappropriate invocation, one is arbitrary quotation and can be freely explained. In an article on friendship, the author wrote: “Du Fu wrote a poem on the lament of such a friend and said, ’There are so many things in the clouds that you have to hand over the clouds! This road is abandoned today! ”“ What is the so-called ”friend of the Road" means what, according to the author