有位牛津哲学家认为一切道德皆可浓缩为一个公式。他是对的吗?帕菲特对过去记忆甚少,几乎从不思考它。他把这个事实归因于他无法形成心理图像。什么使得我终其一生都是同一个人,一个不同于你的人?这些事实的重要性又何在?我认为,我们大部分人对于自己的性质和历时同一性(identity over time)有着错误看法。我们一旦懂得这个道理,“我们有理由去做什么”的某些信念就应该有所改变。 One Oxford philosopher believes that all morality can be condensed into a formula. Is he right? Parfit has little memory of the past and almost never thinks about it. He attributed this fact to his inability to form psychological images. What made me the same person, a person other than you, throughout my life? What is the importance of these facts? I think most of us have a wrong opinion about their nature and identity over time. Once we understand this truth, some of the beliefs that “we have reason to do something” should change.