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前言台湾省呈长方形,南北长377公里,最大宽度达142公里,总面积约36000平方公里。可耕地面积占三分之一弱,近三分之二是山区。自北而南,丛山连绵,许多山峰超出3000米以上,构成尖山脊。故岛上河川皆短而且陡。由于流域内的地形、降水和可侵蚀的地质特性等多属沙河流。降雨总量的70％集中在6—8月间,其他各月相应为少雨枯水。图1所示为年总降雨量及其分配去向,从中可看出当前和未来到2000年的水资源供需概况。
Foreword Taiwan Province has a rectangular shape with a length of 377 kilometers from north to south and a maximum width of 142 kilometers with a total area of 36,000 square kilometers. One-third of the arable land is weak, and nearly two-thirds are mountainous. From north to south, the mountains are rolling and many peaks exceed 3,000 meters, forming sharp ridges. The island’s rivers are short and steep. Due to the basin’s topography, precipitation and erodable geological features and many other Shahe streams. 70% of the total rainfall concentrated in June-August, corresponding to the other months of low rainfall. Figure 1 shows the total annual rainfall and its distribution destination, which can be seen from the current and future water supply and demand in 2000 an overview.