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洪涝灾害包括洪水和雨涝两大类型。洪水指气候季节性变化引起的特大地表径流不能被河道容纳而泛滥,或因山洪暴发而使江河水位陡涨,导致河堤决口、水库溃坝、道路和桥梁被毁、城镇和农田被淹没的现象。雨涝指因长期大雨或暴雨造成洼地积水不能及时排除,从而因渍生灾的现象。海面突然上升,使海水登陆而泛滥也可以造成洪涝灾害。由于洪水和雨涝往往同时发生,有时难以区别,所以常通称为洪
Floods include floods and rainstorms two types. Floods mean that large surface runoff caused by seasonal changes in climate can not be flooded by riverways, or the river level has risen sharply due to flash floods, causing the embankment breach, reservoir damming, road and bridge destruction, towns and farmland submerged phenomenon. Rainlogging refers to the phenomenon that waterlogging caused by long-term heavy rain or torrential rain can not be removed in time due to the rainstorm. Sudden rise of the sea, so that the sea landed and flooding can also cause floods. Floods and floods often occur simultaneously and are sometimes difficult to distinguish, so they are often referred to as floods