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目的:探讨一次力竭性离心运动后大鼠腓肠肌血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的时相变化与运动后肌纤维间毛细血管增生及运动性肌损伤(EIMD)变化之间的关系。方法:雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠60只,分为10组:安静对照组和运动后即刻、1h、2h、3h、4h、1天、3天、5天、10天组,每组6只。运动方式采用跑台运动,速度16m/min,坡度-16°;运动100min,休息5min,再运动100min。实验后分别测定各组大鼠腓肠肌VEGF蛋白表达水平,并观察其腓肠肌血管增生和形态学结构变化。结果:(1)一次力竭性离心运动后大鼠腓肠肌VEGF蛋白较对照组表达增加,2h达到峰值(P<0.01),3h、4h、1天、3天时保持高表达(P<0.05),5天和10天时基本恢复至基础水平。(2)光镜下一次力竭性离心运动后第1、3天大鼠腓肠肌形态学结构异常最明显,10天时基本恢复正常。(3)光镜下一次力竭性离心运动后3天至10天时可见大鼠腓肠肌肌纤维间血管增生较明显。结论:一次力竭性离心运动后大鼠腓肠肌VEGF蛋白表达增加,5天至10天恢复到基础水平。肌纤维间血管增生滞后于VEGF蛋白表达升高,随着血管明显增生,腓肠肌损伤逐渐恢复。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the phase changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in rat gastrocnemius muscle and the changes of capillary vessel hyperplasia and motor muscle injury (EIMD) after exercise in exhaustive eccentric exercise. Methods: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 10 groups: the control group and the rats immediately after exercise, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days and 10 days. Exercise using treadmill exercise, speed 16m / min, gradient -16 °; exercise 100min, rest 5min, and then exercise 100min. After the experiment, the expression of VEGF protein in gastrocnemius muscle of each group was measured, and the vascular proliferation and morphological changes of the gastrocnemius muscle were observed. Results: (1) The expression of VEGF protein in gastrocnemius muscle of rats after exhaustive eccentric exercise increased compared with the control group (P <0.01), and remained high at 3h, 4h, 1d and 3d (P <0.05) 5 days and 10 days when the basic return to basic level. (2) The morphological changes of gastrocnemius muscle were the most obvious in the first and the third day after the first exhaustive centrifugation in the light microscope, and returned to normal after 10 days. (3) After 3 hours to 10 days after an exhaustive eccentric exercise in the light microscope, vascular hyperplasia in the gastrocnemius muscle fibers of the rats was obvious. Conclusion: The expression of VEGF protein in gastrocnemius muscle increased after an exhaustive eccentric exercise and returned to basal level from 5 days to 10 days. Muscle fibrovascular lag in vascular endothelial growth factor expression increased, with vascular proliferation, gastrocnemius injury gradually restored.