论文部分内容阅读
煤矿深井冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出等动力灾害的发生频率及强度不断增加,且互为诱因、相互转化、致灾机制更加复杂,使得监测预警和防治工作更加困难。准确预测动力灾害的类型与等级,是防治动力灾害的必要前提。动力灾害孕育过程中,煤岩变形破裂与瓦斯运移产生大量煤岩电荷,研究不同类型动力灾害孕育过程中电荷辐射信息的特征及变化规律,是利用煤岩电荷辐射法进行冲击地压等动力灾害准确预测前提。应用煤岩电荷监测系统,测试回采过程中工作面前方巷道煤岩体的电荷辐射信号,并对动力灾害孕育过程中电荷辐射的变化规律和特征进行研究。结果表明:工作面正常工作时期,电荷信号平稳且较小,动力灾害发生前,电荷信号有明显的异常前兆,且对于不同形式的动力灾害,电荷信号特征有显著的区别。煤与瓦斯突出孕育过程中,电荷最大值增大且有较大幅度的波动,电荷最小值基本为0;冲击地压孕育过程中,电荷最大值与最小值基本一致,在一个较高水平平稳变化,无明显波动现象;复合型动力灾害孕育过程中,电荷辐射最大值在一个较高的水平呈较大幅度波动变化,电荷辐射最小值在一个较高的水平比较平稳的变化,呈现突出和冲击信号的共同特征。因此,煤岩电荷辐射技术不但可用于预测煤岩动力灾害危险性,并可判断灾害类型,进而采取相应的防治措施,对改变我国煤矿安全状况有重要意义。
The occurrence frequency and intensity of coal mine deep well ground pressure and coal and gas outburst and other dynamic disasters increase continuously, and each other causes each other and transform each other. The mechanism of disaster is more complicated, making it more difficult to monitor and early warning and prevent and control work. Accurately forecasting the types and levels of dynamic disasters is a necessary prerequisite for preventing and controlling dynamic disasters. In the process of inoculation, a large amount of coal charge is produced by deformation and rupture of coal and rock, and gas migration. The characteristics and variation of charge radiation information in different types of dynamic disasters are studied, such as rock burst by using coal charge radiation method Disaster accurately predict the premise. The coal-rock charge monitoring system is applied to test the charge radiation signals of the coal and rock massways in front of the working face during the recovery process. The variation rules and characteristics of charge radiation in the process of dynamic disaster are studied. The results show that the charge signal is steady and small during the normal working period, and the charge signal has obvious abnormal precursors before the dynamic disaster, and there is a significant difference for the charge signal characteristics of different types of dynamic disasters. During the process of inoculation of coal and gas, the maximum charge increases and fluctuates greatly, and the minimum charge is almost zero. In the process of impulse geocoding, the maximum and minimum charge are basically the same, and at a higher level of stability Change, no obvious fluctuations; composite dynamic disaster inoculation process, the maximum charge radiation at a higher level was relatively large fluctuations in the change, the minimum charge radiation at a relatively high level of relatively stable change, showing prominent and Common characteristics of impact signals. Therefore, the technology of coal-rock charge radiation can not only be used to predict the hazard of coal-rock dynamic disasters, but also determine the type of disasters, and then take appropriate prevention and control measures, which is of great significance to change the coal mine safety conditions in our country.