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目的探讨高压球囊扩张术在儿童支气管狭窄临床应用中的疗效及安全性。方法对天津市儿童医院2010年6-12月住院的5例支气管狭窄患儿(包括先天性狭窄1例),经支气管镜进行高压球囊扩张术,每次球囊扩张1～3min,对比术前及末次球囊扩张术后胸片的改变,并定期随访1～6个月。对其临床资料进行回顾分析。结果 5例患儿经高压球囊扩张2～4次,狭窄段支气管管腔明显增宽,临床症状及体征明显改善,复查胸片肺实变及肺不张均有不同程度好转,肺气肿明显减轻。随访1～6个月,4例肺炎肺不张患儿复查胸片基本正常,1例先天性狭窄患儿未再出现高调金属样咳嗽,胸片示肺气肿消失。结论经支气管镜高压球囊扩张术治疗儿童支气管狭窄是一种安全、有效、简便的方法。
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of high pressure balloon dilatation in the clinical application of bronchial stenosis in children. Methods Totally 5 children with bronchial stenosis (including 1 case of congenital stenosis) hospitalized in Children’s Hospital of Tianjin from June to December in 2010 were treated with high pressure balloon dilatation by bronchoscopy. Each balloon was dilated for 1 ~ 3 minutes. Changes in the chest radiographs before and after the last balloon dilation and regular follow-up of 1 to 6 months. The clinical data of a retrospective analysis. Results 5 cases of children with high-pressure balloon dilatation 2 to 4 times, the narrow section of the bronchial lumen was significantly wider, clinical symptoms and signs improved significantly, chest X-ray examination of solidification and atelectasis were improved to varying degrees, emphysema Obviously relieved. Follow-up 1 to 6 months, 4 cases of pneumonia atelectasis in children with chest X-ray examination was normal, 1 case of congenital stenosis did not appear in high-profile metal-like cough, chest X-ray showed emphysema disappeared. Conclusion Bronchoscopic balloon dilatation of bronchial stenosis is a safe, effective and simple method.