目的　研究胎儿腮腺内神经肽的性质、分布、共存和发育规律。方法　采用HE染色法和免疫组织化学ABC法。结果　胎儿腮腺纹状管和小叶间导管上皮细胞分别呈铬粒素A、P物质、血管活性肠肽、神经肽Y和生长抑素免疫反应性。不同神经肽及其在胚胎发育的不同阶段 ,反应强度由弱阳性至强阳性不等 ,免疫反应产物均匀分布于导管上皮细胞质内。细胞核呈阴性反应。结论　在胎儿腮腺导管上皮细胞内有多种神经肽共存 ,它们可能参与腮腺的分泌活动和局部血液供应的调节。同时 ,不同神经肽在胎儿腮腺发育的不同阶段存在量上的差异 ,表明它们对腮腺的发育和分化可能起着不同的作用。此外 ,铬粒素A的表达 ,提示腮腺导管上皮可能具有内分泌细胞的属性 Objective To study the nature, distribution, coexistence and development of neuropeptides in the parotid gland of the fetus. Methods HE staining and immunohistochemical ABC method. Results The fetal parotid glandular duct and interlobular duct epithelial cells showed chitogranin A and substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptide Y and somatostatin immunoreactivity, respectively. Different neuropeptides and their different stages of embryonic development, the reaction intensity ranging from weak positive to strong positive immunological reaction products evenly distributed in the ductal epithelial cytoplasm. The nucleus was negative. Conclusion There are many kinds of neuropeptides in the parotid duct epithelial cells, which may participate in the regulation of parotid secretory activity and local blood supply. At the same time, there are differences in the amount of different neuropeptides at different stages of fetal parotid development, suggesting that they may play different roles in the development and differentiation of the parotid gland. In addition, the expression of Chromogranin A suggests that the parotid ductal epithelium may have endocrine cell attributes