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使用马来酸酐(MAH)对芳纶纤维(AFs)进行刻蚀处理,以期改善其与尼龙6(PA6)的界面相容性,进而提高AFs/PA6复合材料的力学性能。将不同时间梯度处理后的AFs与PA6经均匀共混、注塑制成AFs/PA6复合材料标准试样。采用FE-SEM、XPS、XRD和DSC研究了AFs表面形貌和元素含量以及AFs/PA6复合材料的冲击断面形貌、晶型、晶粒和结晶度。结果表明:经过3h的刻蚀,AFs表面粗糙程度最大且表面含氧量最高。刻蚀AFs的加入有利于PA6晶粒细化并且形成α晶型。相对于纯PA6,AFs/PA6复合材料试样的内部更易形成α晶型,同时结晶度也得到提高。加入经表面处理的AFs有利于提高AFs/PA6复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,当加入刻蚀时间为3h的AFs时,AFs/PA6复合材料的力学性能达到最佳。
The aramid fibers (AFs) were etched with maleic anhydride (MAH) to improve the interfacial compatibility with PA6 and improve the mechanical properties of AFs / PA6 composites. The AFs and PA6 treated by different time gradients were homogeneously blended and injection-molded into AFs / PA6 composite standard samples. The surface morphology and elemental content of AFs as well as the impact cross section morphology, crystal form, grain size and crystallinity of AFs / PA6 composites were studied by FE-SEM, XPS, XRD and DSC. The results show that after 3h etching, the surface roughness of AFs is the highest and the surface oxygen content is the highest. The addition of etched AFs facilitates the grain refinement of PA6 and the formation of the alpha crystalline form. Relative to pure PA6, AFs / PA6 composite sample is more likely to form α crystal form, and the crystallinity is also improved. The addition of surface-treated AFs is beneficial to improve the tensile strength and flexural strength of AFs / PA6 composites. AFs / PA6 composites have the best mechanical properties when AFs with 3h etching time are added.