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目的探讨急性寒冷暴露对小鼠中枢神经系统的影响。方法选择生后40~50d的成年雄性小鼠40只,置于温度为0~-4℃环境中饲养20d,建立急性寒冷暴露模型。采用免疫细胞化学标记雌激素受体;DiI散射方法标记视皮质锥体细胞树突棘;利用透射电子显微镜观察突触的超微结构。结果急性寒冷暴露诱导小鼠视皮质锥体细胞树突棘的密度降低,形成的突触数量减少,部分突触出现树突胞质水肿、细胞器肿胀及微管减少等改变,明显抑制神经细胞增殖。结论急性寒冷暴露可导致神经系统的结构和功能改变,与雌激素及其受体G蛋白偶联受体30(GPR30)直接参与寒冷应激反应过程有关。
Objective To investigate the effects of acute cold exposure on the central nervous system of mice. Methods Forty adult male mice 40 to 50 days after birth were housed in a temperature range of 0 ~ -4 ℃ for 20 days to establish an acute cold exposure model. Immunocytochemistry was used to label the estrogen receptor; DiI-scattering method was used to label dendritic spines of visual cortex pyramidal cells; and the ultrastructure of synapses was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results Acute cold exposure induced densification of dendritic spines in the visual cortex pyramidal cells of mice decreased, the number of synapses formed decreased, dendritic cytoplasm edema, organelle swelling and microtubule decrease were found in some synapses, which significantly inhibited the proliferation of neurons . Conclusion Acute cold exposure can lead to changes in the structure and function of the nervous system, which is directly involved in the process of cold stress response with estrogen and its receptor G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30).