对麻黄三个不同部位中的生物碱进行了比较研究,结果表明,草质茎含生物碱0.873%,木质茎只含0.0249%。前者为后者的35倍多,而过渡茎中生物碱也不到0.1%。三者所含生物碱的种类也不同,草质茎至少含5种生物碱,其R_f值分别为0.31、0.38(麻黄碱)、0.61、0.72、0.82,过渡茎中仅含R_f为0.38和0.72的2种生物碱。而木质茎中不含有效成分麻黄碱,只有少量R_f0.72的生物碱。 A comparative study was conducted on the alkaloids in three different parts of Ephedra. The results showed that the herbaceous stems contained 0.873% alkaloids and woody stems contained only 0.0249%. The former is more than 35 times that of the latter, and the alkaloids in transition stems are also less than 0.1%. The types of alkaloids contained in these three species are also different. Grassy stems contain at least five alkaloids with R_f values ​​of 0.31, 0.38 (ephedrine), 0.61, 0.72, and 0.82, respectively. Transitional stems contain only R_f of 0.38 and 0.72. The two alkaloids. The woody stem contains no ephedrine as an active ingredient and only a small amount of alkaloids with R_f 0.72.