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为分析天线间距和散射角等信道物理参数对多输入多输出系统信道容量的影响,提出了一种相关衰落环境中信道容量的分析方法。该方法基于接收均匀圆阵构建了蕴含信道物理参数的衰落相关矩阵。并由此详细推导了3×3多天线系统信道容量的闭式表达。结果表明,相关矩阵特征值的个数和大小决定了系统信道容量的大小。该方法回避了已有算法需求取相关衰落信道特征值概率密度函数的问题,降低了运算量,可以被推广到任意收发天线数的多输入多输出和多输入多输出-频分复用系统。仿真结果表明,天线间距增大,信道容量随之增大。但是当天线间距增大到衰落相关的第一个过零点时,信道容量达到最大值,再增大天线间距对信道容量影响很小。散射角越大,信道容量收敛到最大值速率越快。
In order to analyze the effect of channel physical parameters such as antenna spacing and scattering angle on the channel capacity of multiple-input multiple-output system, a channel capacity analysis method in correlated fading environment is proposed. The method constructs a fading correlation matrix containing channel physical parameters based on receiving a uniform circular array. The closed-form expression of channel capacity of 3 × 3 multi-antenna system is deduced in detail. The results show that the number and size of the eigenvalues of the correlation matrix determine the size of the system channel capacity. This method avoids the problem of the probability density function of the eigenvalues of the fading channel with the existing algorithm requirements, reduces the computational complexity, and can be extended to MIMO systems with multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) systems. Simulation results show that the antenna spacing increases and the channel capacity increases accordingly. However, when the antenna spacing increases to the fading-related first zero crossing, the channel capacity reaches the maximum, and then increasing the antenna spacing has little effect on the channel capacity. The larger the scattering angle, the faster the channel capacity converges to the maximum.