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目的:为心肌桥比较解剖学积累资料.并为研究心肌桥选择动物提供依据.方法:选用成年拘、羊、猪、兔心脏观察测量.结果:兔冠状动脉全程位于心肌肉.狗、羊、猪心肌桥出现率分别为60.8%,90.1%和42.4%.狗、羊心肌桥位于左冠状动脉者占各自肌桥数的87.8%和95.6%.狗心肌桥位于前室间支为73.3%;羊心肌桥位于左冠状动脉主干占48.2%.猪心肌桥位于右冠状动脉占69.4%,其中位于后室间支为63.9%.狗、羊、猪心肌桥宽分别为7.6±5.1mm、18.0±7.7mm和14.9±10.4mm;厚分别为0.4±0.2mm、0.8±0.6mm和1.1±0.6mm;肌桥与冠脉间夹角分别为85.4±24.1°、62.8±21.3°和44.2±20.0°.结论:几种动物心肌桥存在明显差异.狗心肌桥出现率、部位等与人相似.可做为研究心肌桥的实验动物.
OBJECTIVE: To accumulate data for the comparative anatomy of myocardial bridge and to provide a basis for the study on the selection of animals for myocardial bridge.Methods: The adult brachial, sheep, pigs and rabbits were selected for cardiac observation.Results: The prevalence of myocardial bridge in swine was 60.8%, 90.1% and 42.4%, respectively. The left and right coronary arteries of dogs and sheep accounted for 87.8% and 95.6% of their respective muscular bridges, and the myocardial bridge of dogs was 73.3%. Myocardial myocardial bridge is located in the left main coronary artery accounted for 48.2% .The porcine myocardial bridge is located in the right coronary artery accounted for 69.4%, which is located in the posterior intercostal branch was 63.9%, dogs, sheep, pig myocardial bridge width were 7.6 ± 5.1mm, 18.0 ± 7.7mm and 14.9 ± 10.4mm respectively; the thicknesses were 0.4 ± 0.2mm, 0.8 ± 0.6mm and 1.1 ± 0.6mm respectively; the included angles between muscle bridge and coronary artery were 85.4 ± 24.1 °, 62.8 ± 21.3 ° and 44.2 ± 20.0 ° .Conclusion: There are obvious differences in the myocardial bridge of several animals.It is similar to the appearance and location of dog myocardial bridge.It can be used as experimental animal for studying myocardial bridge.